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Antineoplastic drugs
Chemotherapy regimens
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    Chemotherapy regimens

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    A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations. In modern oncology, many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy. The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic, many via cytotoxicity.

    A fundamental philosophy of medical oncology, including combination chemotherapy, is that different drugs work through different mechanisms, and that the results of using multiple drugs will be synergistic to some extent. Because they have different dose-limiting adverse effects, they can be given together at full doses in chemotherapy regimens.

    The first successful combination chemotherapy was MOPP, introduced in 1963 for lymphomas.

    The term "induction regimen" refers to a chemotherapy regimen used for the initial treatment of a disease. A "maintenance regimen" refers to the ongoing use of chemotherapy to reduce the chances of a cancer recurring or to prevent an existing cancer from continuing to grow.

    Chemotherapy regimens are often identified by acronyms, identifying the agents used in the drug combination. However, the letters used are not consistent across regimens, and in some cases - for example, "BEACOPP" - the same letter combination is used to represent two different treatments.

    There is no widely accepted naming convention or standard for the nomenclature of chemotherapy regimens. For example, either generic or brand names may be used for acronyms. This page merely lists commonly used conventions.

    List of chemotherapy regimen acronyms

    Name Components Example of uses, and other notes
    7+3, also known as DA or DAC in case of daunorubicin, or IA or IAC in case of idarubicin use 7 days of Ara-C (cytarabine) plus 3 days of an anthracycline antibiotic, either daunorubicin (DA or DAC variant) or idarubicin (IA or IAC variant) Acute myelogenous leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia
    ABVD doxorubicin (Adriamycin), bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine Hodgkin's lymphoma
    AC doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide breast cancer
    BACOD bleomycin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), dexamethasone Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    BEACOPP bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, prednisone Hodgkin's lymphoma
    BEP bleomycin, etoposide, platinum agent testicular cancer, germ cell tumors
    CA cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) (same as AC) breast cancer
    CAF cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), fluorouracil (5-FU) breast cancer
    CAPOX or XELOX capecitabine and oxaliplatin colorectal cancer
    CAV cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), vincristine lung cancer
    CBV cyclophosphamide, BCNU (carmustine), VP-16 (etoposide) lymphoma
    CHOEP cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin), etoposide, vincristine (Oncovin), prednisone Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    CEPP cyclophosphamide, etoposide, procarbazine, prednisone Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
    ChlVPP/EVA chlorambucil, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, prednisone, etoposide, vinblastine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) Hodgkin's lymphoma
    CHOP cyclophosphamide, hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin), vincristine (Oncovin), prednisone non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    CHOP-R or R-CHOP CHOP + rituximab B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    ClaPD clarithromycin, pomalidomide, dexamethasone multiple myeloma
    CMF cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, fluorouracil (5-FU) breast cancer
    CMV cisplatin, methotrexate, vinblastine transitional bladder carcinoma
    COP or CVP cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), prednisone non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients with history of cardiovascular disease
    COPP cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), procarbazine, prednisone Hodgkin's lymphoma
    CT or TC docetaxel (Taxotere), cyclophosphamide breast cancer
    CTD cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, dexamethasone AL amyloidosis
    CVAD and Hyper-CVAD cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), dexamethasone aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, some forms of leukemia
    CVE carboplatin, vincristine, etoposide retinoblastoma
    CYBORD cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, dexamethasone multiple myeloma, AL amyloidosis
    DA or DAC daunorubicin x 3 days plus ara-C (cytarabine) x 7 days, a variant of 7+3 regimen Acute myeloid leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia
    DAT daunorubicin, cytarabine (ara-C), tioguanine Acute myeloid leukemia
    DCEP dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, platinum agent relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
    DHAP dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    DHAP-R or R-DHAP dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent plus rituximab Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    DICE dexamethasone, ifosfamide, cisplatin, etoposide (VP-16) aggressive relapsed lymphomas, progressive neuroblastoma
    DT-PACE dexamethasone, thalidomide, platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide multiple myeloma
    EC epirubicin, cyclophosphamide breast cancer
    ECF (MAGIC) epirubicin, cisplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU) gastric cancer and cancer of the esophagogastric junction (Siewert classification III)
    EOX epirubicin, oxaliplatin, capecitabine esophageal Cancer, gastric Cancer
    EP etoposide, platinum agent testicular cancer, germ cell tumors
    EPOCH etoposide, prednisone, vincristine (Oncovin), cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    EPOCH-R or R-EPOCH etoposide, prednisone, vincristine (Oncovin), cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin plus rituximab B cell Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    ESHAP etoposide, methylprednisolone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    ESHAP-R or R-ESHAP etoposide, methylprednisolone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent plus rituximab Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    FAM fluorouracil, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), mitomycin gastric cancer
    FAMTX fluorouracil, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), methotrexate gastric cancer
    FCM or FMC fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    FCM-R or R-FCM or R-FMC or FMC-R fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone plus rituximab B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    FCR fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, rituximab B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    FM fludarabine, mitoxantrone B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    FM-R or R-FM or RFM or FMR fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and rituximab B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    FEC fluorouracil (5-FU), epirubicin, cyclophosphamide breast cancer
    FEC-T fluorouracil (5-FU), epirubicin, cyclophosphamide together, followed by docetaxel (Taxotere) breast cancer
    FL (also known as Mayo) fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid) colorectal cancer
    FLAG fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
    FLAG-Ida or FLAG-IDA or IDA-FLAG or Ida-FLAG fludarabine, cytarabine, idarubicin, G-CSF relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
    FLAG-Mito or FLAG-MITO or Mito-FLAG or MITO-FLAG or FLANG mitoxantrone, fludarabine, cytarabine, G-CSF relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
    FLAMSA fludarabine, cytarabine, amsacrine myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia
    FLAMSA-BU or FLAMSA-Bu fludarabine, cytarabine, amsacrine, busulfan myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia
    FLAMSA-MEL or FLAMSA-Mel fludarabine, cytarabine, amsacrine, melphalan myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia
    FLOT fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), oxaliplatin, docetaxel esophageal cancer, gastric cancer
    FOLFIRI fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), irinotecan colorectal cancer
    FOLFIRINOX fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), irinotecan, oxaliplatin pancreatic cancer
    FOLFOX fluorouracil (5-FU), leucovorin (folinic acid), oxaliplatin colorectal cancer
    GC gemcitabine, cisplatin gemcitabine, dexamethasone, and cisplatin
    GDP gemcitabine, dexamethasone, cisplatin Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma
    GemOx or GEMOX gemcitabine, oxaliplatin Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    GVD gemcitabine, vinorelbine, pegylated liposomal doxorubicin Hodgkin lymphoma
    GemOx-R or GEMOX-R or R-GemOx or R-GEMOX gemcitabine, oxaliplatin, rituximab Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
    IA or IAC idarubicin x 3 days plus Ara-C (cytarabine) x 7 days, a variant of classical 7+3 regimen Acute myelogenous leukemia, excluding acute promyelocytic leukemia
    ICE ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide (VP-16) aggressive lymphomas, progressive neuroblastoma
    ICE-R or R-ICE or RICE ICE + rituximab high-risk progressive or recurrent lymphomas
    IFL irinotecan, leucovorin (folinic acid), fluorouracil colorectal cancer
    IVA ifosfamide, vincristine, actinomycin D rhabdomyosarcoma
    MAP or MAPIE Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), Cisplatin, Methotrexate, Ifosfamide (Ifex), Etoposide (Vepesid) Bone cancer, Osteosarcoma
    m-BACOD methotrexate, bleomycin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), dexamethasone non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    MACOP-B methotrexate, leucovorin (folinic acid), doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, vincristine (Oncovin), prednisone, bleomycin non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    MAID mesna, doxorubicin, ifosfamide, dacarbazine soft-tissue sarcoma
    MINE mesna, ifosfamide, novantrone, etoposide Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma in relapse or refractory cases
    MINE-R or R-MINE mesna, ifosfamide, novantrone, etoposide plus rituximab Non-Hodgkin lymphomas and Hodgkin lymphoma in relapse or refractory cases
    MMM mitomycin, methotrexate, mitoxantrone breast cancer
    MOPP mechlorethamine, vincristine (Oncovin), procarbazine, prednisone Hodgkin's lymphoma
    MVAC methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cisplatin advanced bladder cancer
    MVP mitomycin, vindesine, cisplatin lung cancer and mesothelioma
    NP cisplatin, vinorelbine non-small cell lung carcinoma
    PACE platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide
    PCV Procarbazine, CCNU (lomustine), vincristine brain tumors
    PEB cisplatin, etoposide, bleomycin non-seminomatous germ cell tumors
    PEI cisplatin, etoposide, ifosfamide small-cell lung carcinoma
    platin + taxane cisplatin/carboplatin, paclitaxel/docetaxel ovarian cancer
    POMP 6-mercaptopurine (Purinethol), vincristine (Oncovin), methotrexate, and prednisone acute adult leukemia
    ProMACE-MOPP methotrexate, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide + MOPP non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    ProMACE-CytaBOM prednisone, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide, cytarabine, bleomycin, vincristine (Oncovin), methotrexate, leucovorin non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    RdC lenalidomide (Revlimid), dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide AL amyloidosis
    R-Benda rituximab + bendamustine follicular lymphoma and MALT lymphoma
    R-DHAP or DHAP-R rituximab + DHAP; that is, rituximab, dexamethasone (a steroid hormone), cytarabine (ara-C), platinum agent relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma
    R-FCM or FCM-R rituximab + FCM; that is, rituximab, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
    R-ICE or ICE-R or RICE rituximab + ICE; that is, rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide high-risk progressive or recurrent lymphomas
    RVD lenalidomide (Revlimid), bortezomib, dexamethasone
    Stanford V doxorubicin (Adriamycin), mechlorethamine, bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine, etoposide, prednisone Hodgkin lymphoma
    TAC or ACT docetaxel (Taxotere) or paclitaxel (Taxol), doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide breast cancer ("TAC" can also refer to tetracaine-adrenaline-cocaine, used as local anesthetic)
    TAD tioguanine, cytarabine (ara-C), daunorubicin acute myeloid leukemia
    TC or CT docetaxel (Taxotere), cyclophosphamide breast cancer
    TCH docetaxel (Taxotere), carboplatin, trastuzumab (Herceptin) breast cancer with positive HER2/neu receptor
    TCHP docetaxel (Taxotere), carboplatin, trastuzumab (Herceptin), pertuzumab (Perjeta) breast cancer with positive HER2/neu receptor
    Thal/Dex thalidomide, dexamethasone multiple myeloma
    TIP paclitaxel (Taxol), ifosfamide, platinum agent cisplatin (Platinol) testicular cancer, germ cell tumors in salvage therapy
    EE-4A vincristine, actinomycin Wilms' tumor
    DD-4A vincristine, actinomycin, doxorubicin (Adriamycin) Wilms' tumor
    VABCD vinblastine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), bleomycin, lomustine (CeeNU), dacarbazine MOPP refractory Hodgkin's Lymphoma
    VAC vincristine, actinomycin, cyclophosphamide rhabdomyosarcoma
    VAD vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), dexamethasone multiple myeloma
    VAMP one of 3 combinations of vincristine and others Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma
    Regimen I vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), etoposide, cyclophosphamide Wilms' tumor
    VAPEC-B vincristine, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), prednisone, etoposide, cyclophosphamide, bleomycin Hodgkin's lymphoma
    VD-PACE bortezomib, dexamethasone plus platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide multiple myeloma
    VIFUP vinorelbine, cisplatin, fluorouracil locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer
    VIP vinblastine, ifosfamide, platinum agent, (etoposide (VP-16) may substitute for vinblastine, making a regimen sometimes referred to as VIP-16) testicular cancer, germ cell tumors
    VTD-PACE bortezomib (Velcade), thalidomide, dexamethasone plus platinum agent, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), cyclophosphamide, etoposide multiple myeloma
    V-DCEP bortezomib (Velcade), dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, platinum agent relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma

    See also

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