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Oasis

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A desert oasis, photographed from space

In ecology, an oasis (/ˈsɪs/; PL oases /ˈsz/) is a fertile area of a desert or semi-desert environment that sustains plant life and provides habitat for animals. Surface water may be present, or water may only be accessible from wells or underground channels created by humans. In geography, an oasis may be a current or past rest stop on a transportation route, or less-than-verdant location that nonetheless provides access to underground water through deep wells created and maintained by humans.

The word oasis came into English from Latin: oasis, from Ancient Greek: ὄασις, óasis, which in turn is a direct borrowing from Demotic Egyptian. The word for oasis in the latter-attested Coptic language (the descendant of Demotic Egyptian) is wahe or ouahe which means a "dwelling place". Oasis in Arabic is wāḥa (Arabic: واحة).

Description

Oases develop in “hydrologically favored” locations that have attributes such as a high water table, seasonal lakes, or blockaded wadis. Oases are made when sources of freshwater, such as underground rivers or aquifers, irrigate the surface naturally or via man-made wells. The presence of water on the surface or underground is necessary and the local or regional management of this essential resource is strategic, but not sufficient to create such areas: continuous human work and know-how (a technical and social culture) are essential to maintain such ecosystems. Some of the possible human contributions to maintaining an oasis include digging and maintaining wells, digging and maintaining canals, and continuously removing opportunistic plants that threaten to gorge themselves on water and fertility needed to maintain human and animal food supplies. Stereotypically, an oasis has a “central pool of open water surrounded by a ring of water-dependent shrubs and trees…which are in turn encircled by an outlying transition zone to desert plants.”

Rain showers provide subterranean water to sustain natural oases, such as the Tuat. Substrata of impermeable rock and stone can trap water and retain it in pockets, or on long faulting subsurface ridges or volcanic dikes water can collect and percolate to the surface. Any incidence of water is then used by migrating birds, which also pass seeds with their droppings which will grow at the water's edge forming an oasis. It can also be used to plant crops.

Oases in the Middle East and North Africa cover about 1,000,000 hectares (10,000 km2), however, they support the livelihood of about 10 million inhabitants. The stark ratio of oasis to desert land in the world means that the oasis ecosystem is “relatively minute, rare and precious.”

There are 90 “major oases” within the Sahara Desert. Some of their fertility may derive from irrigation systems called foggaras, khettaras, lkhttarts, or a variety of other regional names.

In some oases systems, there is “a geometrical system of raised channels that release controlled amounts of the water into individual plots, soaking the soil.”

Irrigation canal within the Figuig Oasis in eastern Morocco

Oases often have human histories that are measured in millennia. Archeological digs at Ein Gedi in the Dead Sea Valley have found evidence of settlement dating to 6,000 BC.Al-Ahsa on the Arabian Peninsula shows evidence of human residence dating to the Neolithic.

Anthropologically, the oasis is “an area of sedentary life, which associates the city [medina] or village [ksar] with its surrounding feeding source, the palm grove, within a relational and circulatory nomadic system.”

The location of oases has been of critical importance for trade and transportation routes in desert areas; caravans must travel via oases so that supplies of water and food can be replenished. Thus, political or military control of an oasis has in many cases meant control of trade on a particular route. For example, the oases of Awjila, Ghadames and Kufra, situated in modern-day Libya, have at various times been vital to both north–south and east–west trade in the Sahara Desert. The location of oases also informed the Darb El Arba'īn trade route from Sudan to Egypt, as well as the caravan route from the Niger River to Tangier, Morocco. The Silk Road “traced its course from water hole to water hole, relying on oasis communities such as Turpan in China and Samarkand in Uzbekistan.”

According to the United Nations, “Oases are at the very heart of the overall development of peri-Saharan countries due to their geographical location and the fact they are preferred migration routes in times of famine or insecurity in the region.”

Oases in Oman, on the Arabian Peninsula near the Persian Gulf, vary somewhat from the Saharan form. While still located in an arid or semi-arid zone with a date palm overstory, these oases are usually located below plateaus and “watered either by springs or by aflaj, tunnel systems dug into the ground or carved into the rock to tap underground aquifers.” This rainwater harvesting system “never developed a serious salinity problem.”

Oasis in Oman
Diagram of khattara system

In the drylands of southwestern North America, there is a habitat form called Palm Oasis (alternately Palm Series or Oasis Scrub Woodland) that has the native California fan palm as the overstory species. These Palm Oases can be found in California, Arizona, Baja California, and Sonora.

Agroforestry

Djerid Oasis, Tunisia

People who live in an oasis must manage land and water use carefully. The most important plant in an oasis is the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), which forms the upper layer. These palm trees provide shade for smaller understory trees like apricots, dates, figs , olives, and peach trees, which form the middle layer. Market-garden vegetables, some cereals (such as sorghum, barley, millet, and wheat), and/or mixed animal fodder, are grown in the bottom layer where there is more moisture. The oasis is integrated into its desert environment through an often close association with nomadic transhumant livestock farming (very often pastoral and sedentary populations are clearly distinguished). The fertility of the oasis soil is restored by “cyclic organic inputs of animal origin.” In summary, an oasis palm grove is a highly anthropized and irrigated area that supports a traditionally intensive and polyculture-based agriculture.

Responding to environmental constraints, the three strata create what is called the "oasis effect." The three layers and all their interaction points create a variety of combinations of “horizontal wind speed, relative air temperature and relative air humidity.” The plantings—through a virtuous cycle of wind reduction, increased shade and evapotranspiration—create a microclimate favorable to crops; “measurements taken in different oases have showed that the potential evapotranspiration of the areas was reduced by 30 to 50 percent within the oasis.”

The keystone date palm trees are “a main income source and staple food for local populations in many countries in which they are cultivated, and have played significant roles in the economy, society, and environment of those countries.” Challenges for date palm oasis polycultures include “low rainfall, high temperatures, water resources often high in salt content, and high incidence of pests.”

The oases consist of almost unbroken forests of date palms, divided up into many gardens that are separated by mud walls and intersected by innumerable irrigation and drainage ditches… In the shade of the palms are grown many other kinds of fruit trees—oranges, olives, figs, apricots, peaches, pomegranates, and jujubes—interlaced with large grape vines that often hang in festoons from the palm trunks. Beneath the trees are small plots of garden vegetables, barley, and alfalfa. Neither date palms nor other trees are planted with any regularity, and the growth is often so dense that the garden resembles a tropical jungle. Very beautiful are these gardens in the spring, when the apricot and peach trees are in blossom here and there among the palms and the figs and vines are putting forth their leaves. In autumn, when the dates are ripening, the color effects, especially when the tops of the palms are lit up by the last rays of the setting sun, are something that once seen can never be forgotten. The great clusters of fruit, displaying every tint from bright yellow, through orange, vermilion, and maroon, to plum purple and chestnut brown, with their brilliant yellow or rich orange ivory-like stalks, contrast superbly with the dull bluish or gray green of the feathery crowns of foliage. It is small wonder that a whole folklore of poetic legends and proverbs has grown up around the date palm in the regions where it flourishes.

— Kearney, Thomas H. (1906-09-06). Bulletin: Date Varieties and Date Culture in Tunis.

Distressed systems

Many historic oases have struggled with drought and inadequate maintenance.

According to a United Nations report on the future of oases in the Sahara and Sahel, “Increasingly…oases are subject to various pressures, heavily influenced by the effects of climate change, decreasing groundwater levels and a gradual loss of cultural heritage due to a fading historical memory concerning traditional water management techniques. These natural pressures are compounded by demographic pressures and the introduction of modern water pumping techniques that can disrupt traditional resource management schemes, particularly in the North Saharan oases.”

For example, five historic oases in the Western Desert of Egypt (Kharga, Dakhla, Farafra, Baharyia, and Siwa) once had “flowing spring and wells” but due to the decline of groundwater heads because of overuse for land reclamation projects those water sources are no more and the oases suffer as a result.

Morocco has lost two-thirds of its oasis habitat over the last 100 years due to heat, drought, and water scarcity. The Ferkla Oases in Morocco once drew on water from the Ferkla, Sat and Tangarfa Rivers but they are now dry but for a few days a year.

List of places called oases

Old World Oases
Country Administrative Division Name Elevation Typology Ref.
 Algeria Tébessa Ferkane Oasis 272 Wadi Mantana
 Algeria Tébessa Negrine Oasis 355 Wadi Mantana
 Algeria Batna Ghassira Oasis 759 Wadi Abiod
 Algeria Batna Ghoufi Oasis 663 Wadi Abiod
 Algeria Batna M'doukel Oasis 405 Wadi Al Naemia
 Algeria Batna Taghit Tkoutt Oasis 851 Wadi Abiod
 Algeria Batna Tifelfal Oasis 778 Wadi Abiod
 Algeria Batna Tigherghar Oasis 705 Wadi Ouled Abdi
 Algeria Djelfa Amourah Oasis 1017 Wadi Bu Kahil
 Algeria Djelfa Messaad Oasis 782 Wadi Messaad
 Algeria Khenchela Chebla Oasis 503 Wadi Zeribet
 Algeria Khenchela El Ouldja Oasis 306 Wadi Zeribet
 Algeria Khenchela Khirane Oasis 569 Wadi Zeribet
 Algeria Biskra Baniane Oasis 480 Wadi Aghzar Amlal
 Algeria Biskra Biskra Oasis 95 Wadi Sidi Zerzour
 Algeria Biskra Branis Oasis 287 Wadi Sidi Zerzour
 Algeria Biskra Djemorah Oasis 522 Wadi Ouled Abdi
 Algeria Biskra Doucen Oasis 177 Wadi Jadi
 Algeria Biskra El Haouch Oasis -8 Depression
 Algeria Biskra El Kantara Oasis 503 Wadi El Kantara
 Algeria Biskra Khenguet Sidi Nadji Oasis 160 Wadi Zeribet
 Algeria Biskra Lioua Oasis 105 Wadi Djedi
 Algeria Biskra M'Chouneche Oasis 301 Wadi Abiod
 Algeria Biskra Mekhadma Oasis 93 Wadi Djedi
 Algeria Biskra M'lili Oasis 62 Wadi Djedi
 Algeria Biskra Ouled Djelal Oasis 189 Wadi Djedi
 Algeria Biskra Oumache Oasis 50 Wadi Djedi
 Algeria Biskra Sidi Khaled Oasis 209 Wadi Djedi
 Algeria Biskra Sidi Masmoudi Oasis 204 Wadi Ahmar Khadu
 Algeria Biskra Sidi Okba Oasis 50 Wadi El Biraz
 Algeria Biskra Tolga Oasis 156 Wadi Jadi
 Algeria El Oued Ain Cheik Oasis 0 Depression
 Algeria El Oued Debila Oasis 56 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Djamaa Oasis 34 Wadi Righ
 Algeria El Oued El Meghaier Oasis -11 Depression
 Algeria El Oued El Oued Oasis 79 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Guemar Oasis 64 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Hassani Abdelkrim Oasis 58 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Hassi Khalifa Oasis 48 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Lizerg Oasis 71 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Magrane Oasis 52 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Mih Ouansa Oasis 101 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Oued El Alenda Oasis 90 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Oum Toyour Oasis 6 Depression
 Algeria El Oued Reguiba Oasis 54 Erg
 Algeria El Oued Sidi Amrane Oasis 44 Wadi Righ
 Algeria El Oued Sidi Khelil Oasis 21 Depression
 Algeria El Oued Still Oasis 7 Depression
 Algeria El Oued Temerna Djedida Oasis 66 Wadi Righ
 Algeria El Oued Tendla Oasis 14 Wadi Righ
 Algeria El Bayadh Arbaouat Oasis 1022 Wadi
 Algeria El Bayadh Boussemghoun Oasis 983 Wadi Boussemghoun
 Algeria El Bayadh Brezina Oasis 851 Wadi Seggeur
 Algeria El Bayadh Sidi El Hadj Eddine Oasis 753 Erg
 Algeria Naâma Moghrar Oasis 936 Wadi Moghrar
 Algeria Naâma Moghtar Tahtani Oasis 868 Wadi Moghrar
 Algeria Naâma Tiout Naâma Oasis 1022 Wadi Namous
 Algeria Ouargla Al Alia Oasis 106 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla Benaceur Oasis 104 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla Blidet Amor Oasis 91 Wadi Righ
 Algeria Ouargla Daglet Lagrouba Oasis 107 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla El Bour Oasis 127 Depression
 Algeria Ouargla El Hadjira Oasis 110 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla M'Naguer Oasis 99 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla Meggarine Oasis 69 Wadi Righ
 Algeria Ouargla N'Goussa Oasis 126 Depression
 Algeria Ouargla Ouargla Oasis 135 Depression
 Algeria Ouargla Sidi Slimane Oasis 53 Wadi Righ
 Algeria Ouargla Taibet Oasis 99 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla Taibine Oasis 114 Erg
 Algeria Ouargla Temacine Oasis 81 Wadi Righ
 Algeria Ouargla Touggourt Oasis 72 Wadi Righ
 Algeria Ghardaïa Beni Isguen Oasis 497 Wadi M'Zab
 Algeria Ghardaïa Berriane Oasis 533 Wadi Baloh
 Algeria Ghardaïa Bounoura Oasis 494 Wadi M'Zab
 Algeria Ghardaïa Dhayet Bendhahoua Oasis 532 Wadi M'Zab
 Algeria Ghardaïa El Atteuf Oasis 465 Wadi M'Zab
 Algeria Ghardaïa El Guerrara Oasis 303 Wadi Zegrir
 Algeria Ghardaïa Ghardaia Oasis 514 Wadi M'Zab
 Algeria Ghardaïa Hassi Gara Oasis 399 Depression
 Algeria Ghardaïa Metlili Oasis 511 Wadi Metlili
 Algeria Ghardaïa Zelfana Oasis 354 Wadi Metlili
 Algeria Béchar Aguedal Oasis 420 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Beni Abbes Oasis 459 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Beni Ikhlef Oasis 399 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Boukais Oasis 847 Wadi Al Hasra
 Algeria Béchar Igli Oasis 508 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Kerzaz Oasis 379 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Ksabi Oasis 331 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Mazzer Oasis 506 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Oulad Raffa Oasis 350 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Ouled Khoudir Oasis 347 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Béchar Tabelbala Oasis 521 Mountain
 Algeria Béchar Taghit Oasis 602 Wadi Zouzfana
 Algeria Béchar Timoudi Oasis 356 Wadi Saoura
 Algeria Adrar Adjir Oasis 360 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Admer Zaouiet Oasis 210 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Adrar Oasis 244 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Ain Hammou Oasis 367 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Akabli Oasis 221 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Anzeglouf Oasis 185 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Aougrout Oasis 294 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Aoulef Oasis 276 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Arhlad Oasis 275 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Azekkour Oasis 252 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Azoua Oasis 198 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Badriane Oasis 267 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ben Henni Oasis 230 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Beni Aissi Oasis 351 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Bou Ali Oasis 224 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Bouda Oasis 234 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Bouffaddi Oasis 240 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Bour Sidi Youssef Oasis 244 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Charouine Oasis 287 Depression
 Algeria Adrar El Djedid Oasis 233 Erg
 Algeria Adrar El Hadj Guelmane Oasis 243 Erg
 Algeria Adrar El Ksabi Oasis 256 Depression
 Algeria Adrar El Mansour Oasis 233 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Enefis Oasis 204 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Fatis Oasis 359 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Fenoughil Oasis 225 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Guentour Oasis 307 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Haha Oasis 373 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Hammad Oasis 247 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Hassi Nba Oasis 342 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ihrzer Oasis 236 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ksar Temassekht Oasis 259 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Lahmer Oasis 316 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Mahidia Oasis 234 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Metarfa Oasis 252 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Noun En Nass Oasis 259 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ouadjda Oasis 264 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Oufrane Oasis 288 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Oulad Aiach Oasis 358 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Oulad Antar Oasis 226 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Oulad Bou Yahia Oasis 233 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Oulad Meriem Oasis 171 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ouled Abbou Oasis 255 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Ouled Aissa Oasis 361 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ouled Mahmoud Oasis 268 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Ouled Rached Oasis 254 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Ouled Said Oasis 268 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Reggane Oasis 203 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Rhamianou Oasis 249 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Sali Oasis 160 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Sebaa Oasis 262 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Semdjane Oasis 327 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Semouta Oasis 272 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tabelkoza Oasis 377 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tabou Oasis 312 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Taghouzi Oasis 373 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tamadanine Oasis 163 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Tamentit Oasis 244 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Tamest Oasis 226 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Taouennza Oasis 376 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tasfaout Oasis 216 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tawrirt Oasis 220 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Tegant Oasis 360 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Thala Oasis 246 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Timimoun Oasis 225 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Timleha Oasis 243 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Timmassekh Oasis 224 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Tindjellet Oasis 249 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tiouliline Oasis 196 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Tiourinine Oasis 223 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Titaf Oasis 251 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tlalet Oasis 248 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Tsabit Oasis 252 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Zaglou Oasis 232 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Zaouia Sidi Abd El Kader Oasis 222 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Zaouia Sidi Bekri Oasis 241 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Zaouiet Debagh Oasis 354 Erg
 Algeria Adrar Zaouiet Kounta Oasis 195 Depression
 Algeria Adrar Zaouiet Sidi Mansour Oasis 376 Erg
 Algeria Illizi Illizi Oasis 558 Wadi Takhamalt
 Algeria Illizi Djanet Oasis 1032 Wadi Idjeriou
 Algeria Illizi Iherir Oasis 1118 Wadi Iherir
 Algeria Tamanghasset Foggaret Ezzaouia Oasis 300 Erg
 Algeria Tamanghasset Igostene Oasis 274 Depression
 Algeria Tamanghasset In Ghar Oasis 256 Erg
 China Gansu Crescent Lake ? ?
 Egypt Matruh Qara Oasis -41 Depression
 Egypt Matruh Siwa Oasis -11 Depression
 Egypt Jizah Bahariya Oasis 118 Depression
 Egypt Jizah El Heiz Oasis 123 Depression
 Egypt Fayyum Fayyum Oasis 32 Depression
 Egypt Al Wadi al Jadid Abu Minqar Oasis 117 Depression
 Egypt Al Wadi al Jadid Al Kharga Oasis 66 Depression
 Egypt Al Wadi al Jadid Baris Oasis 54 Depression
 Egypt Al Wadi al Jadid Dahla Oasis 111 Depression
 Egypt Al Wadi al Jadid Farafra Oasis 85 Depression
 Egypt Aswan Kurkur Oasis 316 Depression
 Israel Judea and Samaria Area Ein Gedi Oasis ? ?
 Libya Butnan Al Jaghbub Oasis -2 Depression
 Libya Nalut Derj Oasis 421 Wadi Tanarut
 Libya Nalut Ghadames Oasis 338 Depression
 Libya Jabal al Gharbi Shakshuk Oasis 213 Mountain
 Libya Al Wahat Awjillah Oasis 35 Depression
 Libya Al Wahat Jakharrad Oasis 31 Depression
 Libya Al Wahat Jalu Oasis 39 Depression
 Libya Al Wahat Maradah Oasis 47 Depression
 Libya Al Jufrah Al Fuqaha Oasis 539 Wadi Jabal Al Huruj
 Libya Al Jufrah Sokna Oasis 270 Depression
 Libya Al Jufrah Waddan Oasis 247 Depression
 Libya Al Jufrah Zillah Oasis 216 Depression
 Libya Wadi al Shatii Adiri Oasis 366 Erg
 Libya Wadi al Shatii Brak Oasis 350 Wadi ash Shati
 Libya Wadi al Shatii Wanzarik Oasis 380 Erg
 Libya Sabha Sabha Oasis 419 Erg
 Libya Sabha Tamanhint Oasis 413 Erg
 Libya Ghat Al Awaynat Oasis 656 Wadi Al Kawakib
 Libya Ghat Ghat Oasis 675 Erg
 Libya Wadi al Hayat Awbari Oasis 466 Erg
 Libya Wadi al Hayat Gaberoun Oasis 451 Erg
 Libya Wadi al Hayat Germa Oasis 465 Erg
 Libya Wadi al Hayat Qasr Larocu Oasis 466 Erg
 Libya Al Kufrah Al Kufra Oasis 382 Depression
 Libya Al Kufrah Buzaymah Oasis 292 Depression
 Libya Al Kufrah Rabyanah Oasis 381 Erg
 Libya Al Kufrah Tazirbu Oasis 255 Depression
 Libya Murzuq Dujal Oasis 472 Erg
 Libya Murzuq Qatrun Oasis 474 Erg
 Libya Murzuq Murzuq Oasis 453 Erg
 Libya Murzuq Tajarhi Oasis 494 Erg
 Mauritania Adrar Ain Ehel Taya Oasis 152 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Amder Oasis 248 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Aoujeft Oasis 252 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Adrar Atar Oasis 223 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Azougui Oasis 250 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Chinguetti Oasis 494 Wadi Chinguetti
 Mauritania Adrar El Meddah Oasis 139 Erg
 Mauritania Adrar El Oudei Oasis 229 Wadi Al Abiad
 Mauritania Adrar Entkemkemt Oasis 478 Wadi Chinguetti
 Mauritania Adrar Faraoun Oasis 162 Wadi Ejwali
 Mauritania Adrar Ksar Torchane Oasis 263 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Maaden Oasis 166 Depression
 Mauritania Adrar Medina Rahme Oasis 358 Mountain
 Mauritania Adrar Mhaireth Oasis 354 Wadi Al Abiad
 Mauritania Adrar Ouadane Oasis 446 Wadi Ifenouar
 Mauritania Adrar Dakhlet el Ghzâl Oasis 149 Erg
 Mauritania Adrar Salah Eddarein Oasis 180 Wadi Ejwali
 Mauritania Adrar Taizent Oasis 213 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Tanouchert Oasis 415 Erg
 Mauritania Adrar Tawaz Oasis 276 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Tentane Oasis 173 Depression
 Mauritania Adrar Terjit Oasis 313 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Timinite Oasis 195 Erg
 Mauritania Adrar Tirebane Oasis 235 Wadi Ejwali
 Mauritania Adrar Toueizikt Oasis 261 Wadi Atar
 Mauritania Adrar Toungat Oasis 190 Wadi Al Abiad
 Mauritania Hodh ech Chargui Boukhzama Oasis 250 Mountain
 Mauritania Hodh ech Chargui Nema Oasis 259 Mountain
 Mauritania Hodh ech Chargui Oualata Oasis 240 Depression
 Mauritania Tagant Acharim Oasis 368 Wadi Al Nahar Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant Agnana Oasis 230 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Baghdada Oasis 410 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Borelle Eglieg Oasis 416 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Debaye El Ghadi Oasis 400 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Dendane Oasis 237 Wadi Al Nahar Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant Edwalgue Oasis 106 Wadi Al Nahar Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant El Housseiniya Oasis 126 Wadi Al Nahar Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant El Joumlanya Oasis 111 Depression
 Mauritania Tagant El Mechra Oasis 113 Depression
 Mauritania Tagant Entitam Oasis 109 Wadi Al Nahar Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant El Ghoudia Oasis 408 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Ksar El Barka Oasis 134 Wadi Callaha
 Mauritania Tagant El Ahouetat Oasis 352 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant N'Beika Oasis 112 Wadi Al Nahar Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant Nejam Oasis 443 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Rachid Oasis 269 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Talmest Oasis 252 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Tagant Taoujafet Oasis 199 Wadi Al Abiad
 Mauritania Tagant Tichitt Oasis 188 Depression
 Mauritania Tagant Tidjikja Oasis 396 Wadi Tidjikja
 Mauritania Assaba El Ajoue Oasis 89 Wadi Qurugel
 Mauritania Assaba Guerou Oasis 170 Depression
 Mauritania Assaba Kamour Oasis 174 Depression
 Mauritania Assaba Ntakat Oasis 146 Depression
 Mauritania Assaba Tagada El Wassa Oasis 194 Depression
 Mauritania Assaba Tegadit Iriji Oasis 173 Mountain
 Mauritania Hodh el Gharbi Kobenni Oasis 208 Depression
 Mauritania Guidimaka Kankossa Oasis 80 Wadi Karakoro
 Morocco Oriental Ain Chair Oasis 969 Mountain
 Morocco Oriental Ain Chouater Oasis 769 Wadi Zelmou
 Morocco Oriental Bouanane Oasis 860 Wadi Bouanane
 Morocco Oriental Figuig Oasis 886 Mountain
 Morocco Oriental Gafait Oasis 787 Wadi Za
 Morocco Oriental Ksar El Hajoui Oasis 827 Wadi El Hajoui
 Morocco Oriental Takoumit Oasis 874 Wadi Bouanane
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Afra Oasis 878 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Agdz Oasis 928 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Aguinane Oasis 1191 Wadi Asif Bu Aguinane
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Aissa Oasis 1000 Wadi Ouhmidi
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Ben Haddou Oasis 1261 Wadi El Maleh
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Ben Omar Oasis 1003 Erg
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Ismene et Ihjjamen Oasis 1368 Wadi Todra
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Issa Ou Brahim Oasis 1187 Wadi Assif
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Mrabet Oasis 942 Wadi Ouhmidi
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Saoun Oasis 1613 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Semghane Oasis 1115 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Senan Oasis 1390 Wadi Todgha
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ait Tizgui Oasis 1421 Wadi Todgha
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Akhlouf Oasis 797 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Alnif Oasis 873 Wadi Alnif
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Amazraou Oasis 719 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Amazzer Oasis 1021 Wadi Ouhmidi
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ammar Oasis 965 Wadi Alnif
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Aoufous Oasis 893 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Azreg Oasis 931 Wadi Alnif
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Beni Zouli Oasis 755 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Blaghema Oasis 872 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Douira Oasis 858 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Douirat Oasis 775 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet El Borj Oasis 886 Wadi Ait Douchen
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet El Jorf Oasis 817 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet El Morabitine Oasis 1201 Wadi Todgha
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Erfoud Oasis 808 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Errachidia Oasis 1028 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Essifa Oasis 771 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Fezna Oasis 835 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Finnt Oasis 1180 Wadi Ait Douchen
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Goulmima Oasis 1024 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Hassilabied Oasis 713 Erg
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ighrem Agoudim Oasis 1161 Wadi Todgh
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Igoudmane Oasis 1306 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Intliten Oasis 940 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Irbibene Oasis 1207 Wadi Todgh
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Irhels Oasis 1348 Wadi Ighls
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Isfalem Oasis 958 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Isilf Oasis 978 Wadi Todgha
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Beni Kalouf Oasis 696 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Beni Ozayem Oasis 927 Wadi Guir
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Boudenib Oasis 949 Wadi Guir
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Hannabou Oasis 792 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Nasrate Oasis 599 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Sahli Oasis 914 Wadi Guir
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Tazougart Oasis 1064 Wadi Guir
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Tissergate Oasis 737 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ksar Touroug Oasis 898 Wadi Todgha/Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Lamkatra Oasis 763 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Lhadouane Oasis 1249 Wadi Todra
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet M Hamid el Ghizlane Oasis 549 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Mezguida Oasis 770 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Nkob Oasis 1045 Wadi Akka Aounzerf
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ouarzazate Oasis 1120 Wadi Iriri
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Oulad Aissa Oasis 917 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Oulad Edriss Oasis 564 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Oulad Yahia Lagraire Oasis 828 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ouled Otmane Oasis 858 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Ramlia Oasis 621 Erg
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Rgabi Ait Hssou Oasis 567 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Rissani Oasis 760 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Sijilmasa Oasis 760 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Skoura Oasis 1224 Wadi El Hajaj
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tadighoust Oasis 1107 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tafounante Oasis 1370 Wadi Ait Douchen
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Taghzoute N Ait Atta Oasis 1178 Wadi Todra
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Taguenzalt Oasis 1317 Wadi Iriri
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Talamzit Oasis 905 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Talat Oasis 910 Wadi Ouhmidi
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Taltfraout Oasis 1083 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tamegroute Oasis 685 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tamellalt Oasis 959 Wadi Todgha
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tamezmoute Oasis 842 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tamkasselt Oasis 879 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tamnougalt Oasis 914 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tansikht Oasis 862 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Taoudaate Oasis 1406 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Targa El Mal Oasis 884 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tarmigt Oasis 1257 Wadi Ait Douchen
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tassawant Oasis 1095 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tastifte Oasis 877 Wadi Ouhmidi
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tazarine Oasis 852 Mountain
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tighit Oasis 899 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tikchtat Oasis 785 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tilouine Oasis 941 Wadi Gheris
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Timiderte Oasis 892 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tinejdad Oasis 996 Wadi Todgha
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tinfoula Oasis 897 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tinghir Oasis 1282 Wadi Todra
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tinighil Oasis 949 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tinzouline Oasis 799 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tisslit Oasis 1350 Wadi Ait Douchen
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Tizgaghine Oasis 988 Erg
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Toughza Oasis 837 Wadi Alnif
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Toundoute Oasis 1554 Wadi El Hajaj
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Zagora Oasis 724 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Zaouia Sidi Saleh Oasis 595 Wadi Draa
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Zaouiet Amelkis Oasis 945 Wadi Ziz
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Zaouiet Sidi Blal Oasis 1078 Wadi Ouhmidi
 Morocco Drâa-Tafilalet Zouiya Oasis 1255 Wadi El Hajaj
 Morocco Souss-Massa Addiss Oasis 599 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Adghers N Warflan Oasis 870 Wadi Asif Bu Aguinane
 Morocco Souss-Massa Agadir Aserghine Oasis 778 Mountain
 Morocco Souss-Massa Agoudim Oasis 1558 Wadi Souss
 Morocco Souss-Massa Agrd Tamanrt Oasis 636 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ait Hammane Oasis 461 Wadi Ait Ouabelli
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ait Mansour Oasis 1256 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ait Ouabelli Oasis 474 Wadi Ait Ouabelli
 Morocco Souss-Massa Akka Ighane Oasis 801 Mountain
 Morocco Souss-Massa Akka Oasis 538 Wadi Akka
 Morocco Souss-Massa Alougoum Oasis 779 Wadi Zguid
 Morocco Souss-Massa Amadagh Oasis 1048 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Anamr Oasis 819 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Annamer Oasis 1549 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Aoukerda Oasis 1130 Mountain
 Morocco Souss-Massa Assa Igmir Oasis 1145 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Azraga Oasis 1481 Wadi Asif Bu Aguinane
 Morocco Souss-Massa El Ayn Oasis 767 Wadi Asif Bu Aguinane
 Morocco Souss-Massa El Kasba Oasis 606 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa El Mhamid Oasis 664 Wadi Zguid
 Morocco Souss-Massa Fam El Hisn Oasis 478 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Foum El Oued Oasis 847 Wadi Zguid
 Morocco Souss-Massa Foum Zguid Oasis 647 Wadi Zguid
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ibouday Oasis 1049 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Icht Oasis 500 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ida Ou Lestane Oasis 766 Mountain
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ighir-Igiouaz Oasis 600 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Ighmir Oasis 934 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Imitek Oasis 783 Wadi Ourgine
 Morocco Souss-Massa Kiriwt Oasis 1115 Wadi Asif Bu Aguinane
 Morocco Souss-Massa Oum El Guerdane Oasis 561 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tagueldimt Oasis 1655 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tamssoulte Oasis 790 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Souss-Massa Targa N'hanna Oasis 758 Wadi Targa
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tata Oasis 700 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tiggane Oasis 550 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tiguissalt Oasis 605 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tiout Oasis 280 Mountain
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tisenasamine Oasis 1157 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tissint Oasis 558 Wadi Tissint
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tizgui Ida ou Baloul Oasis 969 Wadi Akka
 Morocco Souss-Massa Tizgui N Oufla Oasis 1170 Wadi Tata
 Morocco Souss-Massa Zawit Oasis 1233 Wadi Souss
 Morocco Souss-Massa Inraren Oasis ? ?
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Aday Oasis 695 Wadi Siyad
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Ait Herbil Oasis 955 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Ait Illou Oasis 696 Wadi Siyad
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Amsra Oasis 771 Mountain
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Amtoudi Oasis 871 Wadi Tamanart
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Assa Oasis 305 Wadi Assa
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Bouizakarne Oasis 620 Mountain
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Ifrane Atlas-Saghir Oasis 768 Wadi Ifraane
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Tagant Oasis 531 Wadi Tamissouri
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Taghjijt Oasis 573 Wadi Siyad
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Tainzert Oasis 646 Wadi Siyad
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Tighmert Oasis 287 Wadi Siyad
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Tiglit Oasis 305 Wadi Dara'a
 Morocco Guelmim-Oued Noun Timoulay Oasis 669 Wadi Ifraane
 Niger Agadez Abardok Oasis 822 Wadi Amdigra
 Niger Agadez Adaouda Oasis 906 Wadi Téloues
 Niger Agadez Aney Oasis 393 Depression
 Niger Agadez Aouderas Oasis 793 Wadi Tamazelak
 Niger Agadez Aoukadede Oasis 1477 Depression
 Niger Agadez Arlit Oasis 418 Erg
 Niger Agadez Bagzan nAmmass Oasis 1537 Depression
 Niger Agadez Bilma Oasis 364 Depression
 Niger Agadez Debaga Oasis 577 Wadi Teloua
 Niger Agadez Djado Oasis 447 Depression
 Niger Agadez Emalawle Oasis 1458 Depression
 Niger Agadez Fachi Oasis 371 Depression
 Niger Agadez Iferouane/Afassa Oasis 660 Wadi Iberkoum
 Niger Agadez Ingall Oasis 487 Wadi Tchinakawatane
 Niger Agadez Dirkou Oasis 377 Depression
 Niger Agadez Seguedine Oasis 415 Depression
 Niger Agadez Tabelot Oasis 858 Wadi Téloues
 Niger Agadez Tadara Oasis 954 Wadi Téloues
 Niger Agadez Tagabada Oasis 775 Wadi Téloues
 Niger Agadez Takazanza Oasis 857 Wadi Amdigra
 Niger Agadez Tassissat Oasis 1530 Depression
 Niger Agadez Tchirozerine Oasis 507 Wadi Tchirozerine
 Niger Agadez Timia Oasis 877 Mountain
 Niger Diffa Adebour Oasis 315 Erg
 Niger Diffa Cheri Oasis 325 Erg
 Niger Diffa Dabalia Oasis 338 Erg
 Niger Diffa Ganga Oasis 322 Erg
 Niger Zinder Guidimouni Oasis 403 Erg
 Oman Al Buraymi A D'lhah Oasis 614 Wadi Kadra
 Oman Al Buraymi Ajran Oasis 623 Wadi Ajran
 Oman Al Buraymi Al Wasit Oasis 510 Erg
 Oman Al Buraymi Alkhbayn Oasis 658 Wadi Hamidah
 Oman Al Buraymi Ar Rayy Oasis 549 Wadi Hatta
 Oman Al Buraymi As Sunainah Oasis 259 Erg
 Oman Al Buraymi Daqiq Oasis 827 Wadi Kitnah
 Oman Al Buraymi Halahil Oasis 802 Wadi As Suhayli
 Oman Al Buraymi Harim Oasis 742 Wadi Ajran
 Oman Al Buraymi Kitnah Oasis 669 Wadi Kitnah
 Oman Al Buraymi Mahdah Oasis 430 Wadi Hywan/Musydirah
 Oman Al Buraymi Masah Oasis 645 Wadi Bid
 Oman Al Buraymi Nuway Oasis 451 Wadi Sharm
 Oman Al Buraymi Rabi Oasis 504 Wadi Kitnah
 Oman Al Batinah North Al Ablah Oasis 598 Wadi As Suhayli
 Oman Al Batinah North Al Ghadifah Oasis 470 Wadi Sudari
 Oman Al Batinah North Al Ghushayn Oasis 605 Wadi Shafan
 Oman Al Batinah North Al Mahbab Oasis 701 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah North Al Zuwayhir Oasis 362 Wadi Al Sermi
 Oman Al Batinah North Bu'ayq Oasis 317 Wadi Bani Omar
 Oman Al Batinah North Dabah Oasis 655 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah North Dallah Oasis 657 Wadi Shafan
 Oman Al Batinah North Farfar Oasis 541 Wadi Nasil
 Oman Al Batinah North Hailain Oasis 309 Wadi Al Jahwir
 Oman Al Batinah North Hyad Oasis 659 Wadi As Suhayli
 Oman Al Batinah North Kanut Oasis 373 Wadi Al Sermi
 Oman Al Batinah North Khan Oasis 373 Wadi Nasil
 Oman Al Batinah North Khubaytah Oasis 398 Wadi Sudari
 Oman Al Batinah North Rajmi Oasis 415 Wadi Rajma'a
 Oman Al Batinah North Ruqqah Oasis 403 Wadi Al Sermi
 Oman Al Batinah North Zaymi Oasis 528 Wadi Zaymi
 Oman Al Batinah South Ad Dif Oasis 524 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Adh Dhahur Oasis 589 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Afi Oasis 229 Wadi Afi
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Abyad Oasis 215 Wadi Far
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Awabi Oasis 497 Wadi Bani Kharous
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Far Oasis 466 Wadi Ban Awf
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Hajir Oasis 1121 Mountain
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Hijir Oasis 686 Mountain
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Jamma Oasis 137 Depression
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Madinah Oasis 343 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Manazif Oasis 399 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Maydan Oasis 616 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Misfah Oasis 208 Wadi Misfah
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Ulyah Oasis 877 Wadi Musfa
 Oman Al Batinah South Al Wishayl Oasis 257 Wadi Misfah
 Oman Al Batinah South An Nid Oasis 812 Wadi Sahtan
 Oman Al Batinah South Ar Rajlah Oasis 559 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Ash Shibika Oasis 200 Wadi Misfah
 Oman Al Batinah South At Tabaqah Oasis 457 Wadi Sahtan
 Oman Al Batinah South Bald Sayt Oasis 976 Mountain
 Oman Al Batinah South Daris Oasis 168 Depression
 Oman Al Batinah South Falaj Bani Umar Oasis 189 Wadi Misfah
 Oman Al Batinah South Fasah Oasis 622 Wadi Sahtan
 Oman Al Batinah South Hawqayn Oasis 242 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Hayjar Oasis 748 Wadi Bani Kharous
 Oman Al Batinah South Hayl as Sawaluh Oasis 598 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Hibra Oasis 187 Depression
 Oman Al Batinah South Istal Oasis 671 Wadi Bani Kharous
 Oman Al Batinah South Khadra Oasis 515 Wadi Sahtan
 Oman Al Batinah South Khafdi Oasis 445 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Nakhal Oasis 323 Mountain
 Oman Al Batinah South Rustaq Oasis 348 Wadi Al Kur
 Oman Al Batinah South Sini Oasis 648 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Al Batinah South Sunaybah Oasis 725 Wadi Bani Kharous
 Oman Al Batinah South Wadi Bani Harras Oasis 766 Wadi Bani Harras
 Oman Al Batinah South Yiqa Oasis 553 Wadi Hawqain
 Oman Muscat Al Jeela Oasis 486 Wadi Ash Shab
 Oman Muscat Al Khoud Old Oasis 82 Wadi Al Khoud
 Oman Muscat Hayl Al Ghaf Oasis 50 Depression
 Oman Muscat Siya Oasis 298 Wadi Sasrin
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Ayn Oasis 639 Wadi Al Ayn
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Basatin Oasis 867 Wadi Al Hijr
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Hawmaniyah Oasis 541 Wadi Shumayt
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Hayl Oasis 689 Wadi Al Ayn
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Hayyal Oasis 529 Wadi Habis
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Hijr Oasis 678 Wadi Al Hijr
 Oman Al Dhahirah Al Wuqbah Oasis 719 Wadi Bayha
 Oman Al Dhahirah An Nujayd Oasis 596 Wadi Ibat
 Oman Al Dhahirah Bid'ah Oasis 913 Wadi Shumayt
 Oman Al Dhahirah Bulaydah Oasis 776 Wadi Bulaydah
 Oman Al Dhahirah Damm Oasis 725 Wadi Damm
 Oman Al Dhahirah Dhank Oasis 343 Wadi Dank
 Oman Al Dhahirah Harat Al Hisin Oasis 399 Wadi Dank
 Oman Al Dhahirah Harat Khatu Oasis 464 Wadi Dank
 Oman Al Dhahirah Ibri Oasis 360 Wadi Al Ayn
 Oman Al Dhahirah Kahanat Oasis 692 Wadi/Hamada
 Oman Al Dhahirah Maqabil Oasis 490 Erg
 Oman Al Dhahirah Maqniyat Oasis 702 Wadi Maqniyat
 Oman Al Dhahirah Miskin Oasis 647 Wadi Ibat
 Oman Al Dhahirah Yanqul Oasis 565 Wadi Dank
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Adam Oasis 283 Wadi Al Athl
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Al Ayshah Oasis 585 Wadi Al Khahfa/As Safil
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Al Ghafat Oasis 549 Wadi Sayfam
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Al Hamra Oasis 647 Wadi Al Hamra
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Al Jirayfat Oasis 766 Wadi Nakhr
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Al Qariyatain Oasis 561 Wadi Qant
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Bahla Oasis 569 Wadi Al Munbuk
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Bidbid Oasis 218 Wadi Bidbid
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Bilad Sayt Oasis 632 Wadi Almantaq
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Birkat Al Mouz Oasis 565 Wadi Wasit
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Fanja Oasis 169 Wadi Fanja
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Imti Oasis 594 Wadi Al Hajar
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Izki Oasis 550 Wadi Al Hajar
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Ma'bas Oasis 583 Depression
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Manah Oasis 422 Depression
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Manal Oasis 523 Wadi Qari
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Masram Oasis 710 Wadi Muharram
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Misfat Al Abriyyin Oasis 915 Wadi Maqal
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Muskaysa Oasis 630 Wadi Qant
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Nida Oasis 439 Wadi Assijani
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Nizwa Oasis 522 Wadi Sumayt
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Said Oasis 568 Wadi Qari
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Samail Oasis 368 Wadi Samail
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Saroor Oasis 260 Wadi Bidbid
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Sajae Oasis 495 Wadi Sumail
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Sayq Oasis 1867 Mountain
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Tanuf Oasis 616 Wadi Tanuf
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Wadi Al Ala Oasis 605 Wadi Al Ala
 Oman Ad Dakhiliyah Wusad Oasis 546 Wadi Qari
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Buwaiten Oasis 401 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Fath Oasis 429 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Hammam Oasis 434 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Khadra Oasis 484 Wadi Indam
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Khashabah Oasis 420 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Mudaireb Oasis 358 Wadi Aghda
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Mudaybi Oasis 402 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Muktra Oasis 428 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Qabil Oasis 432 Wadi Al Lithili
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Rawdha Oasis 607 Wadi Musfa
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Ruddah Oasis 373 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Wafi Oasis 395 Wadi Indam
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Wasil Oasis 315 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North An Niba Oasis 406 Wadi Aghda
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Aqda'a Oasis 393 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North As Sarm Oasis 424 Wadi Aghda
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North As Sumayiyyah Oasis 453 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Awf Oasis 657 Wadi Shuriji
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Ayn Al Khashen Oasis 446 Wadi Manqa
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Batin Oasis 438 Wadi Aghda
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Bdh Oasis 722 Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Bidiyah Oasis 293 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Hilm Oasis 900 Wadi Manqal
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Haul Oasis 600 Wadi Manqal
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Hubat Oasis 547 Wadi Musfa
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Ibra Oasis 479 Wadi Nam
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Kharma Oasis 521 Wadi Qant
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Lizq Oasis 490 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Maqta Oasis 389 Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Miss Oasis 591 Wadi Wasit
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Munjarid Oasis 409 Wadi Aghda
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Naqsi Oasis 652 Wadi Wasit
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Sabt Oasis 339 Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Samad Al Shan Oasis 572 Wadi Musfa
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Saman Oasis 506 Wadi Shuriji
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Sinaw Oasis 357 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Saut Al Khadima Oasis 306 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Al Rakaikh Oasis 327 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Mehlah Oasis 348 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Tool Oasis 271 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Ulyah Oasis 394 Wadi Al Khabbah
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Uyun Oasis 311 Depression
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah North Wadi Bani Khalid Oasis 669 Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah South Al Kamil Oasis 160 Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah South Bani Bu Ali Oasis ? Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah South Jalan Bani Buhassan Oasis 108 Wadi Bani Khalid
 Oman Ash Sharqiyah South Sayma Oasis 260 Wadi Tiwi
 Oman Dhofar Salalah Oasis 8 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Al Jawf Dumat Al-Jandal Oasis 584 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Tabuk Tayma Oasis 812 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Ash Sharqiyah Al Ahsa Oasis 149 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Ash Sharqiyah Al Hafayer Oasis 180 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Ash Sharqiyah Yabrin Oasis 173 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Al Disah Oasis 564 Wadi Al Disah
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Al Mindassah Oasis 533 Wadi Al Himd
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Al Ula Oasis 692 Wadi Al Ula
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Buwat Oasis 493 Wadi Buwat
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Khaibar Oasis 714 Wadi Idam
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Kale Oasis 701 Wadi Idam
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Medinah Oasis 584 Wadi Aqiq
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Mogayra Oasis 583 Depression
 Saudi Arabia Al Madinah Shajwa Oasis 554 Wadi Al Himd
 Saudi Arabia Ar Riyad Al Diriyyah Oasis 658 Wadi Hanifah
 Saudi Arabia Ar Riyad Al Hariq Oasis 675 Mountain
 Saudi Arabia Ar Riyad Al Hulwah Oasis 594 Wadi Barik
 Saudi Arabia Ar Riyad Howtat Bani Tamim Oasis 575 Wadi Barik
 Saudi Arabia Ar Riyad Naam Oasis 635 Mountain
 Saudi Arabia Makkah Al Gharith Oasis 1083 Wadi Turba
 Saudi Arabia Najran Najran Oasis 1307 Wadi Najran
 Syria Damascus Ghouta Oasis ? ?
 Tunisia Gafsa El Guettar Oasis 224 Mountain
 Tunisia Gafsa Gafsa Oasis 281 Wadi Baiash
 Tunisia Tozeur Chebika Oasis 115 Mountain
 Tunisia Tozeur Dguache Oasis 48 Depression
 Tunisia Tozeur Hammat Al Jarid Oasis 40 Depression
 Tunisia Tozeur Midès Oasis 367 Wadi Al Adwi
 Tunisia Tozeur Naftah Oasis 35 Depression
 Tunisia Tozeur Tamaqzah Oasis 276 Wadi Tamaqzah
 Tunisia Tozeur Tamerza Oasis ? Mountain
 Tunisia Tozeur Tozeur Oasis 36 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Blidet Oasis 32 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Douz Oasis 63 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili El Faouar Oasis 51 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Es Sabria Oasis 57 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Ghidma Oasis 27 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Jamnah Oasis 46 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Kebili Oasis 35 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Ksar Ghilane Oasis 210 Erg
 Tunisia Kebili Nouail Oasis 32 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Radhouan Oasis 112 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Steftimi Oasis 40 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Souk Lahad Oasis 63 Depression
 Tunisia Kebili Telmine Oasis 24 Depression
 Tunisia Gabès Al Hammah Oasis 58 Depression
 Tunisia Gabès Al Zar At Oasis 18 Wadi Tarmaman
 Tunisia Gabès Ben Ghilouf Oasis 37 Depression
 Tunisia Gabès El Mdou Oasis 49 Wadi Gabès
 Tunisia Gabès Gabès Oasis 15 Wadi Gabès
 Tunisia Gabès Kettana Oasis 28 Wadi Al Hajal
 Tunisia Gabès Mareth Oasis 43 Wadi Tarmaman
 Tunisia Gabès Metouia Oasis 24 Depression
 Tunisia Gabès Oudref Oasis 25 Wadi Al Maleh
 Tunisia Médenine Ksar Hallouf Oasis 450 Wadi Al Hallouf
 Tunisia Tataouine Ksar El Ferich Oasis 276 Wadi Al Kosh
 Tunisia Tataouine Ksar Ouled Debbab Oasis 298 Wadi Al Khmah
 Tunisia Tataouine Ksar Tlalet Oasis 232 Wadi Tlalet
 Tunisia Tataouine Ksar Daghara Oasis 300 Wadi
 Tunisia Tataouine Tataouine Oasis 307 Wadi Tataouine
 Turkmenistan
 Uzbekistan
Daşoguz Province
 Karakalpakstan
Khorezm Oasis ? ?
 United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Al Ain Oasis 292 Erg
 United Arab Emirates Abu Dhabi Liwa Oasis 130 Erg
 Yemen Hadramawt Abdullah Gharib Oasis 281 Wadi Hima
 Yemen Hadramawt Ad-Dees Ash-Sharqia Oasis 95 Wadi Omar
 Yemen Hadramawt Al Hawi Oasis 663 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Al Jadidah Oasis 1068 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Al Jaha Oasis 310 Wadi Bdsh
 Yemen Hadramawt Al Khamilah Oasis 1043 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Al Khuraibah Oasis 1039 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Al Qatn Oasis 678 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Alaqqad Oasis 672 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Alghurfa Oasis 651 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Alkhamra Oasis 738 Wadi Adim
 Yemen Hadramawt Alqaria Oasis 593 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Hadramawt Alrudood Oasis 642 Wadi Adim
 Yemen Hadramawt Alsowm Oasis 563 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Hadramawt Alwahd Oasis 769 Wadi Adim
 Yemen Hadramawt Amd Oasis 917 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Anag Oasis 881 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Ard Ar Raydah Oasis 736 Wadi Adim
 Yemen Hadramawt As Sadarah Oasis 423 Wadi Hajr
 Yemen Hadramawt Bdsh Oasis 496 Wadi Bdsh
 Yemen Hadramawt Budah Oasis 950 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Einat Oasis 590 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Hadramawt Araf Oasis 303 Wadi ‘Araf
 Yemen Hadramawt El Ghebel Oasis 346 Wadi ‘Asad
 Yemen Hadramawt El Hadala Oasis 270 Wadi ‘Asad
 Yemen Hadramawt El Huf Oasis 314 Wadi ‘Asad
 Yemen Hadramawt El Mar Oasis 700 Wadi Raghdun
 Yemen Hadramawt Ghayl Bin Yamin Oasis 830 Wadi Yusen
 Yemen Hadramawt Ghayl Ba Wazir Oasis 95 Mountain
 Yemen Hadramawt Gromedh Oasis 973 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Haid al-Jazil Oasis 1025 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Hair El Ghezid Oasis 989 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Halfun Oasis 93 Depression
 Yemen Hadramawt Halit Oasis 976 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Hamam Oasis 92 Depression
 Yemen Hadramawt Haqab Oasis 418 Wadi Haqab
 Yemen Hadramawt Hawl Oasis 1075 Wadi Hajr
 Yemen Hadramawt Hisn Ba Qirdan Oasis 376 Wadi Hajr
 Yemen Hadramawt Husun As Sufayara' Oasis 586 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Hadramawt Huwaibah Oasis 586 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Jahi Oasis 821 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Jahiz Oasis 924 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Khaborah Oasis 6 Wadi Hajr
 Yemen Hadramawt Mahmeddah Oasis 410 Wadi Muhamadh
 Yemen Hadramawt Masna'ah Oasis 360 Wadi Hajr
 Yemen Hadramawt Moa'ber Oasis 80 Wadi Moa'ber
 Yemen Hadramawt Qaidun Oasis 826 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Qarn Salifi Oasis 909 Wadi Hajr
 Yemen Hadramawt Qurayyah Oasis 963 Wadi ‘Amad
 Yemen Hadramawt Sana Oasis 533 Wadi Sana
 Yemen Hadramawt Seiyun Oasis 648 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Sha'b al-Nur Oasis 233 Wadi ‘Araf
 Yemen Hadramawt Shibam Oasis 667 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Shuh Oasis 986 Wadi Rakhih
 Yemen Hadramawt Sif Oasis 885 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Subalkh Oasis 1136 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Tabalah Oasis 88 Wadi ‘Araf
 Yemen Hadramawt Taribah Oasis 628 Wadi Hadramawt
 Yemen Hadramawt Tarim Oasis 614 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Hadramawt Taulabah Oasis 1186 Wadi Dawan
 Yemen Hadramawt Wasit Oasis 101 Erg
 Yemen Hadramawt Yuwan Oasis 801 Wadi Yuwan
 Yemen Al Mahrah Bmzon Oasis 216 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Al Mahrah Dha Sohis Oasis 270 Wadi Al Masilah
 Yemen Al Mahrah Qishn Oasis 6 Depression
 Yemen Al Jawf Al Hazm Oasis 1109 Wadi Madab
 Yemen Al Jawf Dasl Oasis 1303 Wadi Khab
 Yemen Al Jawf Khab Oasis 1402 Wadi Khab
 Yemen Al Jawf Suq Al Thaluth Oasis 1450 Wadi Khab
 Yemen Al Hudaydah Nukhaylah Oasis 8 Depression
 Yemen Al Hudaydah Al Rus Oasis 25 Depression
 Yemen Al Hudaydah Az Za'faran Oasis 15 Depression
 Yemen Ta'izz Yakhtul Oasis 6 Depression

New World dryland systems with oasis-like attributes

Gallery of oases

Practical matters

A 1920 USGS publication about watering holes in the deserts of California and Arizona gave this advice for travelers seeking oases:

The usual watering places are springs or wells. Springs are frequently clogged with gravel or rubbish or sometimes even with the bodies of dead animals, and it may be necessary to clean them out. For this work a shovel is needed. Wells may or may not be equipped with pumps. Frequently the pumps are broken and useless, and a rope and bucket are then necessary to obtain water. Most of the wells in this region are less than 100 feet deep, but some are deeper, and 100 feet of rope is not too much to provide. As a rule the rope and bucket at a well, if they were ever provided, soon disappear, and one should never trust the chance of finding them there. Open wells are sometimes contaminated in the same way as springs and need to be cleaned out, particularly in little-frequented places where they are unused for months at a time.

See also

Bibliography

External links

  • The dictionary definition of oasis at Wiktionary

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