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PET radiotracer
Piflufolastat F-18
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Piflufolastat F-18

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Piflufolastat F-18
Piflufolastat F-18 v01.svg
Clinical data
Trade names Pylarify
Other names 18F-DCFPyL
License data
Routes of
administration		 Intravenous
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
Chemical and physical data
Formula C18H23[18F]N4O8
Molar mass 441.4 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
  • OC(=O)CC[C@H](NC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCNC(=O)C1=CC=C([18F])N=C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O
  • InChI=1S/C18H23FN4O8/c19-13-6-4-10(9-21-13)15(26)20-8-2-1-3-11(16(27)28)22-18(31)23-12(17(29)30)5-7-14(24)25/h4,6,9,11-12H,1-3,5,7-8H2,(H,20,26)(H,24,25)(H,27,28)(H,29,30)(H2,22,23,31)/t11-,12-/m0/s1/i19-1
  • Key:OLWVRJUNLXQDSP-MVBOSPHXSA-N

Piflufolastat F-18, sold under the brand name Pylarify, is a radioactive diagnostic agent used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. It is given by intravenous injection.

The most common adverse reactions include headache, altered taste, and fatigue.

Piflufolastat F-18 was approved for medical use in the United States in May 2021. It is the second PSMA-targeted PET imaging drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The first approved PSMA-targeted PET imaging drug is Ga 68 PSMA-11.

Medical uses

Piflufolastat F-18 is indicated for people with suspected prostate cancer metastasis (when cancer cells spread from the place where they first formed to another part of the body) who are potentially curable by surgery or other therapy. Piflufolastat F-18 is also indicated for people with suspected prostate cancer recurrence based on elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.

History

The safety and efficacy of piflufolastat F-18 were evaluated in two prospective clinical trials with a total of 593 men with prostate cancer who each received one injection of piflufolastat F-18. In the first trial, a cohort of 268 participants with biopsy-proven prostate cancer underwent PET/CT scans performed with piflufolastat F-18. These participants were candidates for surgical removal of the prostate gland and pelvic lymph nodes and were considered at higher risk for metastasis. Among the participants who proceeded to surgery, those with positive readings in the pelvic lymph nodes on piflufolastat F-18 PET had a clinically important rate of metastatic cancer confirmed by surgical pathology.

The second trial enrolled 208 participants who had rising serum PSA levels after initial prostate surgery or other definitive therapy, and thus had biochemical evidence of recurrent prostate cancer. Prior to a single piflufolastat F-18 PET/CT scan, all of these participants had baseline conventional imaging performed that did not show definite spread of prostate cancer. Piflufolastat F-18 PET detected at least one positive lesion in at least one body region (bone, prostate bed, pelvic lymph node, other lymph nodes, or soft tissue) in 60% of these participants. In participants with positive piflufolastat F-18 PET readings who had correlative tissue pathology from biopsies, results from baseline or follow-up imaging by conventional methods, or serial PSA levels available for comparison, local recurrence or metastasis of prostate cancer was confirmed in an estimated 85% to 87% of cases, depending on the reader. Thus, the second trial demonstrated that piflufolastat F-18 PET can detect sites of disease in participants with biochemical evidence of recurrent prostate cancer, thereby providing important information that may impact the approach to therapy.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval of Pylarify to Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from the United States Department of Health and Human Services.

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