RNA, ribosomal 5, also known as RNR5, is a human gene. Genes for ribosomal RNA are clustered on the short arms of chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 20, 21. The gene for RNR5 exists in multiple copies on chromosome 22. Each gene cluster contains 30–40 copies and encodes a 45S RNA product that is then cleaved to form 18S, 5.8S and 28S rRNA subunits. In general, genes for RNA remain poorly annotated in most large public databases.
Further reading
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Nucleolus organizer regions are chromosomal regions crucial for the formation of the nucleolus, located on the short arms of the acrocentric chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21 and 22
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Kern SE, Kinzler KW, Bruskin A, et al. (1991). "Identification of p53 as a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein". Science. 252 (5013): 1708–1711. Bibcode:1991Sci...252.1708K. doi:10.1126/science.2047879. PMID 2047879. S2CID 19647885.
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Gonzalez IL, Chambers C, Gorski JL, et al. (1990). "Sequence and structure correlation of human ribosomal transcribed spacers". J. Mol. Biol. 212 (1): 27–35. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(90)90302-3. PMID 2319598.
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Sylvester JE, Petersen R, Schmickel RD (1990). "Human ribosomal DNA: novel sequence organization in a 4.5-kb region upstream from the promoter". Gene. 84 (1): 193–196. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(89)90155-8. PMID 2606358.
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La Volpe A, Simeone A, D'Esposito M, et al. (1985). "Molecular analysis of the heterogeneity region of the human ribosomal spacer". J. Mol. Biol. 183 (2): 213–223. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(85)90214-1. PMID 2989541.
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Bartsch I, Schoneberg C, Grummt I (1987). "Evolutionary changes of sequences and factors that direct transcription termination of human and mouse ribsomal genes". Mol. Cell. Biol. 7 (7): 2521–2529. doi:10.1128/mcb.7.7.2521. PMC 365386. PMID 3649563.
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Haltiner MM, Smale ST, Tjian R (1987). "Two distinct promoter elements in the human rRNA gene identified by linker scanning mutagenesis". Mol. Cell. Biol. 6 (1): 227–235. doi:10.1128/mcb.6.1.227. PMC 367502. PMID 3785147.
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Gonzalez IL, Gorski JL, Campen TJ, et al. (1985). "Variation among human 28S ribosomal RNA genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (22): 7666–7670. Bibcode:1985PNAS...82.7666G. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.22.7666. PMC 391394. PMID 3865188.
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McCallum FS, Maden BE (1986). "Human 18 S ribosomal RNA sequence inferred from DNA sequence. Variations in 18 S sequences and secondary modification patterns between vertebrates". Biochem. J. 232 (3): 725–733. doi:10.1042/bj2320725. PMC 1152944. PMID 4091818.
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Financsek I, Mizumoto K, Mishima Y, Muramatsu M (1982). "Human ribosomal RNA gene: nucleotide sequence of the transcription initiation region and comparison of three mammalian genes". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79 (10): 3092–3096. Bibcode:1982PNAS...79.3092F. doi:10.1073/pnas.79.10.3092. PMC 346359. PMID 6954460.
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Gonzalez IL, Sylvester JE (1995). "Complete sequence of the 43-kb human ribosomal DNA repeat: analysis of the intergenic spacer". Genomics. 27 (2): 320–328. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1049. PMID 7557999.
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Gonzalez IL, Sylvester JE (2001). "Human rDNA: evolutionary patterns within the genes and tandem arrays derived from multiple chromosomes". Genomics. 73 (3): 255–263. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6540. PMID 11350117.
