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Genitourinary system stubs
Urine sodium
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    Urine sodium

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    Urine sodium

    Urine sodium is a measurement of the concentration of sodium in the urine.

    The urine sodium is expressed as a concentration (such as millimoles per liter). The result must therefore be interpreted in the context of the degree of urine concentration present. Alternatively, the urine sodium can be standardized to the excretion of creatinine using a formula such as the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa).

    Parameter Value
    renal blood flow RBF = 1000 mL/min
    hematocrit HCT = 40%
    glomerular filtration rate GFR = 120 mL/min
    renal plasma flow RPF = 600 mL/min
    filtration fraction FF = 20%
    urine flow rate V = 1 mL/min
    Sodium Inulin Creatinine PAH
    SNa = 150 mEq/L SIn = 1 mg/mL SCr = 0.01 mg/mL SPAH =
    UNa = 710 mEq/L UIn = 150 mg/mL UCr = 1.25 mg/mL UPAH =
    CNa = 5 mL/min CIn = 150 mL/min CCr = 125 mL/min CPAH = 420 mL/min
    ER = 90%
    ERPF = 540 mL/min

    Because the hypothalamus/osmoreceptor system ordinarily works well to cause drinking or urination to restore the body's sodium concentrations to normal, this system can be used in medical treatment to regulate the body's total fluid content, by first controlling the body's sodium content. Thus, when a powerful diuretic drug is given which causes the kidneys to excrete sodium, the effect is accompanied by an excretion of body water (water loss accompanies sodium loss). This happens because the kidney is unable to efficiently retain water while excreting large amounts of sodium. In addition, after sodium excretion, the osmoreceptor system may sense lowered sodium concentration in the blood and then direct compensatory urinary water loss in order to correct the hyponatremic (low blood sodium) state.



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