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Ammonium azide

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Ammonium azide
Ammonium azide.png
Ammonium-azide-3D-balls.png
Ammonium-azide-unit-cell-3D-bs-17.png
Names
Other names
Ammonium trinitride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.032.093
EC Number
  • 235-315-4
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/HN3.H3N/c1-3-2;/h1H;1H3
    Key: MXZUDRZKSUUQRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • N.N=[N+]=[N-]
Properties
[NH4]N3
Molar mass 60.059 g/mol
Appearance White crystalline solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.3459 g/cm3
Melting point 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)
Boiling point 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes)
Structure
Orthorhombic
Pman
a = 8.930, b = 8.642, c = 3.800
4
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
Very toxic, explosive
Related compounds
Other anions
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium cyanide
Ammonium carbamate
Other cations
Lithium azide
Sodium azide
Potassium azide
Rubidium azide
Caesium azide
Silver azide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ammonium azide is the chemical compound with the formula [NH4]N3, being the salt of ammonia and hydrazoic acid. Like other inorganic azides, this colourless crystalline salt is a powerful explosive, although it has a remarkably low sensitivity. [NH4]N3 is physiologically active and inhalation of small amounts causes headaches and palpitations. It was first obtained by Theodor Curtius in 1890, along with other azides.

Structure

Ammonium azide is ionic, meaning it consists of ammonium cation [NH4]+ and azide anion N3, therefore its formula is [NH4]+[N3]. It is a structural isomer of tetrazene. Ammonium azide contains about 93% nitrogen by mass.


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