Продолжая использовать сайт, вы даете свое согласие на работу с этими файлами.
Benzoyl chloride
| |||
Names | |||
---|---|---|---|
Preferred IUPAC name
Benzoyl chloride | |||
Other names
Benzoic acid chloride (1:1)
| |||
Identifiers | |||
|
|||
3D model (JSmol)
|
|||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider |
|
||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.464 | ||
EC Number |
|
||
KEGG |
|
||
PubChem CID
|
|||
RTECS number |
|
||
UNII | |||
UN number | 1736 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|||
| |||
| |||
Properties | |||
C7H5ClO | |||
Molar mass | 140.57 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | colorless liquid | ||
Odor | Benzaldehyde like but more pungent | ||
Density | 1.21 g/mL, liquid | ||
Melting point | −1 °C (30 °F; 272 K) | ||
Boiling point | 197.2 °C (387.0 °F; 470.3 K) | ||
reacts, forms hydrogen chloride on contact with water | |||
-75.8·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Hazards | |||
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |||
Main hazards
|
Maybe harmful by ingestion and skin absorption; possible carcinogen | ||
GHS labelling: | |||
Danger | |||
H302, H312, H314, H317, H332 | |||
P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P322, P330, P333+P313, P363, P405, P501 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | 72 °C (162 °F; 345 K) | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | Fisher Scientific MSDS | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related compounds
|
benzoic acid, benzoic anhydride, benzaldehyde | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
|
Benzoyl chloride, also known as benzenecarbonyl chloride, is an organochlorine compound with the formula C7H5ClO. It is a colourless, fuming liquid with an irritating odour, and consists of a benzene ring (C6H6) with an acyl chloride (−C(=O)Cl) substituent. It is mainly useful for the production of peroxides but is generally useful in other areas such as in the preparation of dyes, perfumes, pharmaceuticals, and resins.
Preparation
Benzoyl chloride is produced from benzotrichloride using either water or benzoic acid:
As with other acyl chlorides, it can be generated from the parent acid and standard chlorinating agents such as phosphorus pentachloride, thionyl chloride, and oxalyl chloride. It was first prepared by treatment of benzaldehyde with chlorine.
An early method for production of benzoyl chloride involved chlorination of benzyl alcohol.
Reactions
It reacts with water to produce hydrochloric acid and benzoic acid:
Benzoyl chloride is a typical acyl chloride. It reacts with alcohols to give the corresponding esters. Similarly, it reacts with amines to give the amide.
It undergoes the Friedel-Crafts acylation with aromatic compounds to give the corresponding benzophenones and related derivatives. With carbanions, it serves again as a source of the benzoyl cation synthon, C6H5CO+.
Benzoyl peroxide, a common reagent in polymer chemistry, is produced industrially by treating benzoyl chloride with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide:
External links
Authority control: National |
---|