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Dance photographers
Boris Lipnitzki
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Boris Lipnitzki

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Boris Lipnitzki (1887–1971) was a Russian Empire-born French photographer of the arts; ballet, fashion, cinema, visual art, writing and music.

Biography

Haim Efime Boris Lipnitzki (or Lipnitzky) was born into a Jewish family in Oster, in Chernihiv Province of the Russian Empire (now Ukraine) on 4 February 1887. He died in Paris on 6 July 1971, aged 84, and is buried in Pere Lachaise cemetery.

Photographer

Boris Lipnitzki (1920s) Benjamin Rabier
Boris Lipnitzki (c.1934) Olga Spessivtseva in ballet costume

Lipnitzki first worked for a photographer in Odessa, then opened his own studio in Pultusk. He arrived in Paris in the early 1920s. There, he established a studio at 40 rue du Colisée, where he photographed many of the artistic personalities of the 20th century from the 1920s-1960s, as well as picturing them in their own surroundings. His friendship with fashion designer Paul Poiret, with whom he would stay to photograph in Biarritz, provided an entrée into these circles.

His subjects included Maurice Ravel, René Hubert, Albert Camus, Blaise Cendrars,Jean Cocteau, Otto Preminger, Igor Strawinsky, Arthur Honegger,Leonid Massine, Serge Lifar, Paul Poiret, Coco Chanel, Olga Spessivtseva, Nyota Inyoka, Tamara Karsavina, Serge Gainsbourg, Les Six, Marc Chagall, Pablo Picasso, as well as Josephine Baker of whom in 1926 he made a famous series of nude photographs.

Lipnitzki was a stills photographer on Gance's Napoléon and caught more informal views of crew and actors relaxing, his pictures being used on the covers of the programs and displayed in cinemas, but despite assurances, he was not given credit for them. A trial followed in the Seine tribunal and the producer of the film was ordered to pay 30,000 francs (about US$16000 in 2010) to Lipnitzki. The industry publication Le Photographe called attention to this as a precedent in French copyright law. He also recorded many major ballet performances and made studio portraits of dancers.

Photographs by Lipnitski were published in Femina, The Paris Times, Paris-Alger magazine, Les Modes, La Vie parisienne, Chantecler revue, Vogue (Paris), L'Atlantique, Paris-soir, La Femme de France, Être belle, Le Photographe, Le Point, Adam: revue des modes masculines en France et à l'étranger, Ambiance, Comoedia, Claudine, Le Monde illustré, L'Art musical, Bravo, Le Petit journal, Le Théâtre et Comœdia illustré and others.

In an article on the relative value of hand-drawn and photographic illustration, Robert Lang director/editor of Rester Jeune, describing the stylistic of various illustrators and photographers, writes of Lipnitzki that he "is fond of halos and his art parallels that of the theatre".

Lipnitzki's prodigious output was decimated when the Athenaeum theatre, where his friend Louis Jouvet had helped him hide his prints during the Occupation was flooded while he had fled to stay with his friend Chagall in New York .

Post-war

After the war, he and his brothers established the Lipnitzki Studio which was in full production and by 1946 was advertising for staff, and operated until just before Lipnitzki died. In the mid-50s, his nephew Bernard Lipnitski joined the studio for three years, before being hired by weekly magazine France Dimanche, for which he photographed Céline Monsarrat, Françoise Sagan and Salvador Dali, then was employed as a photojournalist by other French magazines. Boris Lipnitzki continued to agitate for copyright law in relation to professional photography and his opinion and participation was sought, amongst other instances, by the meeting of Commission des Droits d'Auteur of February 1945, and on other occasions.

Legacy

In 1970, his collection—more than a million negatives and 600,000 prints—and that of his nephew, was bought by the Roger-Viollet agency. Attribution of images from the studio made 1945–1969 to a particular photographer amongst the brothers is not always certain.

Publications

Solo exhibitions

  • 2005, 7 May – 12 Jun: Boris Lipnitzki, Espace Saint-Jean, Melun

Group exhibitions

Collections


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