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Herbals

Herbarius moguntinus

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Herbarius moguntinus

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Herbarius moguntinus 1484. Titlepage

Herbarius moguntinus 1484, chapter XII. Artemisia Bifoiſz. Left: recto. Right: verso

Herbarius moguntinus (Mainzer Herbal Book) or (according to his preface referred to as) Aggregator practicus de simplicibus is an illustrated Latin herbal which was edited and printed in 1484 by Peter Schöffer in Mainz (Latin: moguntia). Together with the German herbal Gart der Gesundheit (Peter Schöffer, Mainz 1485) and the Latin herbal Hortus sanitatis (Jacobus Meydenbach, Mainz 1491), Herbarius moguntinus belongs to the so-called "Group of Mainz Herbal Incunabula."

Author

The author of the book is not known for sure. By misinterpreting the title page of a reprint (Vicenza 1491), the book was wrongly attributed to Arnaldus de Villa Nova. As a possible but not secured author the Frankfurt physician Johann Wonnecke von Kaub is assumed.

Sources and content

As primary sources the author of the Herbarius moguntinus used well-known medieval encyclopaedias, such as the Liber pandectarum medicinae omnia medicine simplicia continens of Matthaeus Silvaticus (14th c.) and the Speculum natural of Vincent of Beauvais (13th century).

The first part of the book consists of 150 chapters, in which plants are described, that grow wild or cultivated North of the Alps. Each chapter in the first part is illustrated by a woodcut of symbolic character. The second part shows 96 other medicines of indigenous and of foreign origin in abbreviated form. Pictures are missing in the second part.