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Instruments used in general medicine
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Instrument | Uses |
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Bedpan | for patients who are unconscious or too weak to sit up or walk to the toilet to defecate |
Cannula | to create a permanent pathway to a vein (or artery) for the purpose of repeated injections or infusion of intravenous fluids |
Cardioverter / Defibrillator | to correct arrhythmias of the heart or to start up a heart that is not beating |
Catheter | to drain and collect urine directly from the bladder (primary use) also to act as a makeshift oxygen tube etc. |
Dialyser | to remove toxic materials from the blood that are generally removed by the kidneys; used in case of kidney failure |
Electrocardiograph machine | to record the electrical activity of the heart over a period of time |
Enema equipment | to inject fluid into the lower bowel for several purposes, most frequently for relieving constipation |
Endoscope | to look inside the gastrointestinal tract, used mainly in surgery or by surgical consultants |
Gas cylinder | as a supply of oxygen, nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide, etc. |
Gauze sponge | to absorb blood and other fluids as well as clean wounds |
Glucose monitor | to measure one’s blood pressure |
Surgical scissors | used for dissecting or cutting |
Hypodermic needle / Syringe | for injections and aspiration of blood or fluid from the body |
Infection control equipment | as in gloves, gowns, bonnets, shoe covers, face shields, goggles, and surgical masks for preventing nosocomial or healthcare-associated infection |
Instrument sterilizer | to sterilize instruments in absence of an autoclave |
Kidney dish | as a tray for instruments, gauze, tissue, etc. |
Measuring tape | for length, height, head circumference and girth measurements |
Medical halogen penlight | to see into the eye, natural orifices, etc. and to test for pupillary light reflex, etc. |
Medical ultrasound | to create an image of internal body structures |
Nasogastric tube | for nasogastric suction or the introduction of food or drugs into the body |
Nebulizer | to produce aerosols of drugs to be administered by respiratory route |
Ophthalmoscope | to look at the retina |
Otoscope | to look into the external ear cavity |
Oxygen mask and tubes | to deliver gases to the mouth/nostrils to assist in oxygen intake or to administer aerosolized or gaseous drugs |
Pipette or dropper | to measure out doses of liquid, specially in children |
Proctoscope | to look inside the anal canal and lower part of the rectum |
Radiography | to view internal body structures |
Reflex hammer | to test motor reflexes of the body |
Sphygmomanometer | to measure the patient's blood pressure |
Stethoscope | to hear sounds from movements within the body like heart beats, intestinal movement, breath sounds, etc. |
Suction device | to suck up blood or secretions |
Thermometer | to record body temperature |
Tongue depressor | for use in oral examination |
Transfusion kit | to transfuse blood and blood products |
Tuning fork | to test for deafness and to categorize it |
Ventilator | to assist or carry out the mechanical act of inspiration and expiration so the non-respiring patient can do so; a common component of "life support" |
Watch / Stopwatch | for recording rates like heart rate, respiratory rate, etc.; for certain hearing tests. |
Weighing scale | to measure weight |
Crocodile Forceps | to remove foreign bodies from ear or nasal cavities. |
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Diagnostics and research | |
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Sterilization | |
Fundamental clinical specializations | |
System non-specific clinical specializations | |
System specific clinical specialties | |
Post-mortem examinations |