List of investigational obsessive–compulsive disorder drugs
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This is a list of investigational obsessive–compulsive disorder drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use in the treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) but are not yet approved. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses.
Under development
Actively under development
- Immunoglobulin (immune globulin 10%, 10% high purity immunoglobulin, 10% IVIG, NewGam, Newnorm, Octagam 10%, Octagam, Panzyga) – immunoglobulin / immunostimulant [1]
- Troriluzole (BHV-4157, BHV-4157a, FC-4157; trigriluzole) – prodrug of riluzole / glutamate modulator [2]
Preclinical development
- Cannabis extracts (various) – cannabinoid receptor modulators [3]
No development reported
- 4'-Fluorocannabidiol (4'-F-CBD; fluorinated cannabidiol; HUF-101, HUF-102, HUF-103) – cannabinoid receptor modulator, other actions [4]
- AbbVie/Rugen research programme – unspecified mechanism of action [5]
- Agomelatine (Alodil, Melitor, Thymanax, Valdoxan, Vestin; AGO-178, AGO178C, S-20098, S-20098-F55) – serotonin 5-HT2C receptor antagonist and melatonin receptor agonist [6]
- CR-5542 – orexin receptor antagonist [7]
- Dual SSRIs and serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonists (SSA-426, WAY-163426, WAY-211612, WAY-253752, WAY-426) [8]
- Risperidone (Risperdal, Risperdal Consta, Risperdal Depot; JNJ-410397-AAA, R-64766, R064766) – atypical antipsychotic / monoamine receptor modulator [9]
- Secretin (SecreFlo; INN-329, RG-1068) – hormone/diagnostic agent [10]
- Sosei Heptares research programme – various mechanisms of action [11]
Not under development
Development discontinued
- Bitopertin (R-1678, RG-6718, RG1678, RO-4917838) – glycine GlyT1 inhibitors / glycine reuptake inhibitor [12]
- Cycloserine (D-cycloserine; TIK-101) – glutamate NMDA receptor partial agonist [13]
- Elzasonan (CP-448187, CP-448187-01) – serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor antagonist
- F-14258 – serotonin 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptor antagonist
- Fluoxetine/naltrexone (OREX-004) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and opioid receptor antagonist [14]
- Mavoglurant (AFQ-056) – glutamate mGlu5 receptor antagonist [15]
- NPL-2003 – glutamate modulator [16]
- Ondansetron (Setrodon; TO-2061) – serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist [17]
- RO-600175 – serotonin 5-HT2C receptor agonist [18]
- Roxindole (EMD-49980) – dopamine receptor agonist, serotonin receptor modulator, adrenergic receptor modulator, and serotonin reuptake inhibitor [19]
- SB-200646 (SB-200646A) – serotonin 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist [20]
Formal development never or not yet started
- 5-HT6 receptor agonists (e.g., WAY-181187, WAY-208466)
- Antiandrogens (e.g., flutamide, cyproterone acetate, triptorelin)
- Cannabinoids (e.g., nabilone, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)/cannabis) – cannabinoid receptor modulators
- NMDA receptor modulators (e.g., ketamine, memantine, nitrous oxide, rapastinel)
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (e.g., celecoxib, naproxen) – cyclooxygenase inhibitors
- Rituximab (Rituxan) – monoclonal antibody against CD20
- Serotonergic psychedelics (e.g., psilocybin/psilocybin mushrooms, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)) – serotonin receptor modulators
- Tolcapone (Tasmar) – catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor
Clinically used drugs
Approved drugs
- Clomipramine (Anafranil) – tricyclic antidepressant / monoamine reuptake inhibitor and receptor modulator [21]
- Escitalopram (S-citalopram; Cipralex, Entact, Lexapro, Seroplex, Sipralex, Sipralexa; LU-26054; MLD-55) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [22]
- Fluoxetine (Prozac, Prozac Weekly, Reneuron, Sarafem; LY-110140) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [23][24]
- Fluvoxamine (Depromel, Luvox, Luvox CR; SME-3110) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and sigma-1 receptor agonist [25]
- Paroxetine (Aropax, Deroxat, Divarius, Dropax, Dropaxin, Frosinor, Motivan, Paxil, Paxil CR, Serestill, Seroxat, Tagonis; BRL-29060, BRL-29060A, FG-7051, NNC-207051, SI-211103) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [26][27]
- Sertraline (Aremis, Besitran, Gladem, J Zoloft, Lustral, Serad, Serlain, Tatig, Zoloft; CP-51974, CP-51974-01) – selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [28]
Off-label drugs
- Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone) – monoamine receptor modulators
See also
Further reading
- Berlin HA, Hamilton H, Hollander E (2008). "Experimental therapeutics for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: translational approaches and new somatic developments". Mt Sinai J Med. 75 (3): 174–203. doi:10.1002/msj.20045. PMID 18704978.
- Marazziti D, Dell'Osso L (April 2015). "Why have early investigational therapies of obsessive-compulsive disorder failed to materialise?". Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 24 (4): 455–8. doi:10.1517/13543784.2015.1005735. PMID 25599971.
- Grassi G, Cecchelli C, Vignozzi L, Pacini S (2020). "Investigational and Experimental Drugs to Treat Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder". J Exp Pharmacol. 12: 695–706. doi:10.2147/JEP.S255375. PMC 7801912. PMID 33447096.