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| Names | |
|---|---|
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Preferred IUPAC name
Pentan-1-ol | |
| Identifiers | |
|
3D model (JSmol)
|
|
| 1730975 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.684 |
| EC Number |
|
| 25922 | |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | n-Pentanol |
|
PubChem CID
|
|
| RTECS number |
|
| UNII | |
| UN number | 1105 |
|
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
|
|
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| C5H12O | |
| Molar mass | 88.150 g·mol−1 |
| Density | 0.811 g cm−3 |
| Melting point | −78 °C; −109 °F; 195 K |
| Boiling point | 137 to 139 °C; 278 to 282 °F; 410 to 412 K |
| 22 g L−1 | |
| log P | 1.348 |
| Vapor pressure | 200 Pa (at 20 °C) |
| -67.7·10−6 cm3/mol | |
|
Refractive index (nD)
|
1.409 |
| Thermochemistry | |
|
Heat capacity (C)
|
207.45 J K−1 mol−1 |
|
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
258.9 J K−1 mol−1 |
|
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−351.90–−351.34 kJ mol−1 |
|
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−3331.19–−3330.63 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
 
|
|
| Warning | |
| H226, H315, H332, H335 | |
| P261 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 49 °C (120 °F; 322 K) |
| 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) | |
| Related compounds | |
|
Related compounds
|
Hexane |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
| |
1-Pentanol, (or n-pentanol, pentan-1-ol), is an alcohol with five carbon atoms and the molecular formula C5H11OH. 1-Pentanol is a colourless liquid with a distinctive aroma. It is the straight-chain form of amyl alcohol, one of 8 isomers with that formula.
The hydroxyl group (OH) is the active site of many reactions. The ester formed from 1-pentanol and butyric acid is pentyl butyrate, which smells like apricot. The ester formed from 1-pentanol and acetic acid is amyl acetate (also called pentyl acetate), which smells like banana.
In 2014, a study was conducted comparing the performance of diesel fuel blends with various proportions of pentanol as an additive. While gaseous emissions increased with higher concentrations of pentanol, particulate emissions decreased.
Pentanol can be used as a solvent for coating CDs and DVDs.
Pentanol can be prepared by fractional distillation of fusel oil. To reduce the use of fossil fuels, research is underway to develop cost-effective methods of producing (chemically identical) bio-pentanol with fermentation.
