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GSK plc brands
Flonase
Другие языки:

    Flonase

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    For other uses, see Fluticasone.

    Fluticasone propionate
    Fluticasone propionate.svg
    Fluticasone-propionate-3D-bs-17.png
    Clinical data
    Trade names Flovent, Flixotide, Flonase, others
    AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
    MedlinePlus a695002
    License data
    Pregnancy
    category
    • AU: B3
    Routes of
    administration    		 Intranasal,inhalation,topical
    Drug class Steroids and steroid derivatives
    ATC code
    Legal status
    Legal status
    Pharmacokinetic data
    Bioavailability 0.51% (Intranasal)
    Protein binding 91%
    Metabolism Intranasal
    Liver (CYP3A4-mediated)
    Elimination half-life 10 hours
    Excretion Kidney
    Identifiers
    • S-(fluoromethyl)-6α,9-difluoro-11β, 17-dihydroxy-16α-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1, 4-diene-17β-carbothioate, 17-propanoate
    CAS Number
    PubChem CID
    IUPHAR/BPS
    DrugBank
    ChemSpider
    UNII
    KEGG
    ChEBI
    ChEMBL
    CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
    ECHA InfoCard 100.129.097
    Chemical and physical data
    Formula C25H31F3O5S
    Molar mass 500.57 g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
    • CCC(=O)OC1(C(CC2C1(CC(C3(C2CC(C4=CC(=O)C=CC43C)F)F)O)C)C)C(=O)SCF
    • InChI=1S/C25H31F3O5S/c1-5-20(31)33-25(21(32)34-12-26)13(2)8-15-16-10-18(27)17-9-14(29)6-7-22(17,3)24(16,28)19(30)11-23(15,25)4/h6-7,9,13,15-16,18-19,30H,5,8,10-12H2,1-4H3/t13-,15+,16+,18+,19+,22+,23+,24+,25+/m1/s1 checkY
    • Key:WMWTYOKRWGGJOA-CENSZEJFSA-N checkY
      (verify)

    Fluticasone propionate, sold under the brand names Flovent and Flonase among others, is a steroid medication. When inhaled it is used for the long term management of asthma and COPD. In the nose it is used for hay fever and nasal polyps. It can also be used for mouth ulcers. It works by decreasing inflammation.

    Common side effects when inhaled include upper respiratory tract infections, sinusitis, thrush, and cough. Common side effects when used in the nose include nosebleeding and sore throat.

    Fluticasone propionate was patented in 1980, and approved for medical use in 1990. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, fluticasone was the 23rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 24 million prescriptions.

    Medical uses

    Fluticasone propionate is used by powder or aerosol inhalation for the prophylaxis of asthma. The nasal spray is used for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis. Nasal drops are used in the treatment of nasal polyps. The nasal spray can also be used in the mouth for mouth ulcers.

    Fluticasone propionate in a topical form can be used to treat skin conditions such as eczema, psoriasis, and rashes.

    Adverse effects

    If taken correctly, the nasal spray and oral inhaler formulation have fewer corticosteroid side effects than the tablet formulation because they limit systemic (blood) absorption. However, systemic absorption is not negligible even with correct administration. Using the spray or inhaler at higher than recommended doses or with other corticosteroids can increase the risk for serious, systemic corticosteroid induced side effects. These side effects include weakened immune system, increased risk of systemic infections, osteoporosis, and elevated pressure in the eyes.

    Nasal spray

    Flonase nasal spray

    Common side effects may include nasal irritation (burning, stinging, bleeding), headache, upset stomach (nausea, vomiting), and diarrhea. Rare side effects include infection (evidenced by, for example, fever, sore throat, and cough), vision problems, severe swelling, hoarse voice, and difficulty breathing or swallowing.

    Inhaled

    Common side effects may include upper respiratory tract infection, throat irritation, thrush, cough, and headache. Rare side effects include bruising, swelling of the face/neck, depression, tiredness, and shortness of breath.

    Pharmacology

    Fluticasone propionate is a highly selective agonist at the glucocorticoid receptor with negligible activity at androgen, estrogen, or mineralocorticoid receptors, thereby producing anti-inflammatory and vasoconstriction effects. It has been shown to have a wide range of inhibitory effects on multiple cell types (e.g. mast cell, eosinophil, neutrophil, macrophages, and lymphocytes) and mediators (e.g. histamine, eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and cytokines) involved in inflammation. Fluticasone propionate is stated to exert a topical effect on the lungs without significant systemic effects at usual doses, due to its low systemic bioavailability.

    Interactions

    Fluticasone propionate is broken down by CYP3A4 (Cytochrome P450 3A4), and has been shown to interact with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors such as ritonavir and ketoconazole.

    Ritonavir is a common drug used in the treatment of HIV. Coadministration of ritonavir and fluticasone may lead to increased levels of fluticasone in the body, which may lead to Cushing's Syndrome and adrenal insufficiency.

    Ketoconazole, an antifungal drug, has also been shown to increase fluticasone concentration leading to systemic corticosteroid side effects.

    See also

    External links


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