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Chlorothiazide

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Chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide.svg
Chlorothiazide-from-xtal-3D-balls.png
Clinical data
Trade names Diuril, others
AHFS/Drugs.com Monograph
MedlinePlus a682341
Routes of
administration
By mouth, IV
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability low
Metabolism Nil
Elimination half-life 45 to 120 minutes
Excretion Renal
Identifiers
  • 6-chloro-1,1-dioxo-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.368
Chemical and physical data
Formula C7H6ClN3O4S2
Molar mass 295.71 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=S(=O)(c1c(Cl)cc2c(c1)S(=O)(=O)/N=C\N2)N
  • InChI=1S/C7H6ClN3O4S2/c8-4-1-5-7(2-6(4)16(9,12)13)17(14,15)11-3-10-5/h1-3H,(H,10,11)(H2,9,12,13) checkY
  • Key:JBMKAUGHUNFTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  (verify)
Chlorothiazide
Names
Other names
6-Chloro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.368
KEGG
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C7H6ClN3O4S2/c8-4-1-5-7(2-6(4)16(9,12)13)17(14,15)11-3-10-5/h1-3H,(H,10,11)(H2,9,12,13) checkY
    Key: JBMKAUGHUNFTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • O=S(=O)(c1c(Cl)cc2c(c1)S(=O)(=O)/N=C\N2)N
Properties
Melting point 342.5–343 °C (648.5–649.4 °F; 615.6–616.1 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Chlorothiazide, sold under the brand name Diuril among others, is an organic compound used as a diuretic and as an antihypertensive.

It is used both within the hospital setting or for personal use to manage excess fluid associated with congestive heart failure. Most often taken in pill form, it is usually taken orally once or twice a day. In the ICU setting, chlorothiazide is given to diurese a patient in addition to furosemide (Lasix). Working in a separate mechanism from furosemide and absorbed enterically as a reconstituted suspension administered through a nasogastric tube (NG tube), the two drugs potentiate one another.

It was patented in 1956 and approved for medical use in 1958. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Indications

Contraindications

Side effects

History

The research team of Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories of Beyer, Sprague, Baer, and Novello created a new series of medications, the thiazide diuretics, which includes chlorothiazide. They won an Albert Lasker Special Award in 1975 for this work.

The structure has been determined by X-ray crystallography.

See also


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