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List of plant orders

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List of plant orders

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This article lists the living orders of the Viridiplantae, based primarily on the work of Ruggiero et al. 2015. Living order of Lycophytes and ferns are taken from Christenhusz et al. 2011b and Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group. Living orders of Gymnosperms are added from Christenhusz et al. 2011a while extinct orders are from Anderson, Anderson & Cleal 2007.

Division Prasinodermophyta

Class Prasinodermophyceae

Order Prasinodermatales

Class Palmophyllophyceae

Order Prasinococcales
Order Palmophyllales

Division Chlorophyta

Subdivision Prasinophytina

Class Mamiellophyceae

Order Monomastigales
Order Dolichomastigales
Order Mamiellales

Class Pyramimonadophyceae

Order Pyramimonadales

Subdivision Chlorophytina

Division Streptophyta

Subdivision Chlorokybophytina

Class Mesostigmatophyceae

Order Mesostigmatales

Class Chlorokybophyceae

Order Chlorokybales

Subdivision Klebsormidiophyinta

Class Klebsormidiophyceae

Order Klebsormidiales

Subdivision Charophytina

Class Charophyceae

Order †Sycidiales
Order †Chovanellales
Order †Moellerinales
Order Charales (Stoenworts & musk grasses)

Subdivision Coleochaetophytina

Class Coleochaetophyceae

Order Coleochaetales

Subdivision Zygnematophytina

Class Zygnematophyceae

Order Spirogloeales
Order Zygnematales
Order Mesotaeniales
Order Desmidiales

Subdivision Anthocerotophytina

Class Leiosporocerotopsida

Order Leiosporocerotales

Class Anthocerotopsida

Order Anthocerotales
Order Notothyladales
Order Phymatocerotales
Order Dendrocerotales

Subdivision Marchantiophytina

Class Haplomitriopsida

Order Treubiales
Order Calobryales

Class Marchantiopsida

Subclass Blasiidae
- Order Blasiales
Subclass Marchantiidae (Complex thalloid liverworts)
- Order Neohodgsoniales
- Order Sphaerocarpales
- Order Lunulariales (crescent-cup liverwort)
- Order Marchantiales

Class Jungermanniopsida

Subclass Pelliidae
- Order Pelliales
- Order Pallaviciniales
- Order Fossombroniales
Subclass Metzgeriidae
- Order Pleuroziales
- Order Metzgeriales
Subclass Jungermanniidae (leafy liverworts)
- Order Porellales
- Order Ptilidiales
- Order Jungermanniales

Subdivision Bryophytina

Class Takakiopsida

Order Takakiales

Class Sphagnopsida

Order †Protosphagnales
Order Ambuchananiales
Order Sphagnales (Peat/bog mosses)

Class Andreaeobryopsida

Order Andreaeobryales

Class Andreaeopsida

Order Andreaeales (Granite/lantern mosses)

Class Oedipodiopsida

Order Oedipodiales

Class Tetraphidopsida

Order Tetraphidales

Class Polytrichopsida

Order Polytrichales (Hair-cap mosses)

Class Bryopsida

Subclass Buxbaumiidae
- Order Buxbaumiales
Subclass Diphysciidae
- Order Diphysciales
Subclass Gigaspermidae
- Order Gigaspermales
Subclass Funariidae
- Order Disceliales
- Order Encalyptales
- Order Funariales
Subclass Timmiidae
- Order Timmiales
Subclass Dicranidae (Haplolepideous mosses)
- Order Archidiales
- Order Pseudoditrichales
- Order Catoscopiales
- Order Scouleriales
- Order Bryoxiphiales
- Order Grimmiales
- Order Pottiales
- Order Dicranales
Subclass Bryidae (Diplolepideous-alternate mosses)
- Superorder Bryanae
  - Order Splachnales
  - Order Hedwigiales
  - Order Bartramiales
  - Order Bryales
  - Order Rhizogoniales
  - Order Orthotrichales
  - Order Orthodontiales
  - Order Aulacomniales
- Superorder Hypnanae
  - Order Hypnodendrales
  - Order Ptychomniales
  - Order Hypopterygiales
  - Order Hookeriales
  - Order Hypnales

Clade †Horneophytina

Class †Horneophytopsida

Order †Horneophytales

Subdivision Tracheophytina

Class †Cooksoniopsida

Order †Cooksoniales

Class †Rhyniopsida

Order ?†Yarraviales
Order ?†Taeniocradales
Order †Rhyniales

Clade †Zosterophyllophyta

Class †Barinophytopsida
- Order †Barinophytales
Class †Zosterophyllopsida
- Order †Sawdoniales
- Order †Zosterophyllales

Class Lycopodiopsida

Order †Drepanophycales
Subclass †Asteroxylidae
- Order ?†Thursophytales
- Order †Asteroxylales
Subclass Lycopodiidae
- Order Lycopodiales (Clubmosses, groundpines, groundcedars)
Subclass †Prolepidodendridae
- Order †Protolepidodendrales
Subclass Selaginellidae (Spikemosses; rose of Jericho; resurrection plant; Engels moss)
- Order Selaginellales
- Order †Lepidodendrales
- Order †Pleuromeiales
- Order Isoetales (Quillworts)

Class †Eophyllophytopsida

Order †Eophyllophytales

Class †Trimerophytopsida

Order †Trimerophytales

Clade Pteridophyta

Order †Ibykales
Class †Cladoxylopsida
- Order †Hyeniales
- Order †Iridopteridales
- Order †Steloxylales
- Order †Pseudosporochnales
- Order †Cladoxylales
Class Polypodiopsida (Ferns)
- Order †Stauropteridales
- Subclass †Zygopterididae
  - Order †Rhacophytales
  - Order †Zygopteridales
- Subclass Equisetidae
  - Order †Pseudoborniales
  - Order †Sphenophyllales
  - Order Equisetales (Horsetails; scouring-rushes)
- Subclass Ophioglossidae
  - Order Psilotales (Whisk ferns)
  - Order Ophioglossales (Adder's tongues, moonworts)
- Subclass Marattiopsida
  - Order Marattiales
- Subclass Polypodiidae
  - Order †Urnatopteridales
  - Order †Senftenbergiales
  - Order †Botryopteridiales
  - Order †Anachoropteridales
  - Order Osmundales (Royal ferns)
  - Order Hymenophyllales (Filmy ferns)
  - Order Gleicheniales
  - Order Schizaeales
  - Order Salviniales
  - Order Cyatheales
  - Order Polypodiales (Cathetogyrates)

Class †Noeggerathiopsida

Order †Discinitiales
Order †Noeggerathiales
Order †Tingiales

Class †Aneurophytopsida

Order †Scougonophytales
Order †Aneurophytales

Class †Archaeopteridopsida

Order †Cecropsidales
Order †Archaeopteridales

Incertae sedis

Order †Protopityales
Order †Stenokoleales

Clade Spermatophyta

Order †Calamopityales
Order †Callistophytales
Order †Erdtmanithecales
Order †Hlatimbiales
Order †Umkomasiales
Class †Arberiopsida
- Order †Aberiales
- Order †Dicranophyllales
Class †Moresnetiopsida
- Order †Moresnetiales
- Order †Pullarithecales
- Order †Tetrastichiales
Class †Lyginopteridopsida
- Order †Hexapterospermales
- Order †Lyginopteridales
Class †Pachytestopsida
- Order †Codonospermales
- Order †Pachytestales
Class †Peltaspermopsida
- Order †Peltaspermales
- Order †Sporophyllitales
- Order †Trichopityales
Class †Phasmatocycadopsida
- Order †Gigantopteridales
- Order †Phasmatocycadales
Class †Pentoxylopsida
- Order †Pentoxylales
Class †Dictyopteridiopsida
- Order †Dictyopteridiales
- Order †Lidgettoniales
- Order †Rigbyales
Class †Cycadeoideopsida
- Order †Fredlindiales
- Order †Cycadeoideales
Class †Caytoniopsida
- Order †Caytoniales
Class †Axelrodiopsida
- Order †Axelrodiales
Class Pinopsida
- †Subclass Pityidae
  - †Order Pityales
- Subclass Cycadidae
  - Order ?†Noeggerathiopsidales
  - Order †Podozamitales
  - Order Cycadales (Cycads)
- Subclass Ginkgoidae
  - Order †Hamshawviales
  - Order †Vladimariales
  - Order †Matatiellales
  - Order †Petriellales
  - Order †Czekanowskiales
  - Order Ginkgoales
- Subclass Pinidae
  - Order †Cordaitales
  - Order †Dordrechtitales
  - Order †Vojnovskyales
  - Order †Buriadiales
  - Order †Ferugliocladales
  - Order †Ullmanniales
  - Order †Walchiales
  - Order †Voltziales
  - Order †Bernettiales
  - Order †Eoanthales
  - Order †Fraxinopsiales
  - Order Gnetales (incl. Ephedrales & Welwitschiales)
  - Order Pinales (Pines and allies)
  - Order Araucariales
  - Order Cupressales (Cypresses and allies)
Class Magnoliopsida
- Subclass †Archaemagnoliidae
  - Order †Archaefructales
- Superorder Amborellanae
  - Order Amborellales
- Subclass Nymphaeidae
  - Order Nymphaeales
- Subclass Illiciidae
  - Order Austrobaileyales
- Subclass Chloranthidae
  - Order Chloranthales
- Subclass Magnoliidae
  - Order Canellales
  - Order Piperales
  - Order Laurales
  - Order Magnoliales
- Subclass Liliidae
  - Superorder Acoranae
    - Order Acorales
  - Superorder Alismatanae
    - Order Alismatales
  - Superorder Petrosavianae
    - Order Petrosaviales
  - Superorder Pandananae
    - Order Dioscoreales
    - Order Pandanales
  - Superorder Lilianae
    - Order Liliales
  - Superorder Orchidanae
    - Order Asparagales
  - Superorder Commelinids
    - - Order Arecales
      - Order Commelinales
      - Order Zingiberales
      - Order Poales
- Subclass Ceratophyllidae
  - Order Ceratophyllales
- Clade Eudicots
  - Order ?†Sarbaicarpales
  - Subclass Ranunculidae
    - Order Ranunculales
  - Subclass Nelumbonidae
    - Order Proteales
  - Subclass Trochodendridae
    - Order Trochodendrales
  - Superorder Buxanae
    - Order Buxales
  - Superorder Myrothamnanae
    - Order Gunnerales
  - Clade Pentapetalae
    - Subclass Dilleniidae
      - Order Dilleniales
    - Subclass Asteridae
      - Superorder Berberidopsidanae
        Order Berberidopsidales
      - Superorder Santalanae
        Order Santalales
      - Superorder Caryophyllanae
        Order Caryophyllales
      - Superorder Cornanae
        Order Cornales
      - Superorder Ericanae
        Order Ericales
      - Superorder Asteranae
        
        Order Apiales
        
        Order Aquifoliales
        
        Order Asterales
        
        Order Bruniales
        
        Order Dipsacales
        
        Order Escalloniales
        
        Order Paracryphiales
      - Superorder Lamianae
        
        Order Boraginales
        
        Order Garryales
        
        Order Gentianales
        
        Order Icacinales
        
        Order Lamiales
        
        Order Metteniusales
        
        Order Solanales
        
        Order Vahliales
    - Subclass Rosidae
      - Superorder Saxifraganae
        Order Saxifragales
      - Superorder Vitanae
        Order Vitales
      - Superorder Rosanae
        
        Order Zygophyllales
        
        Order Celastrales
        
        Order Malpighiales
        
        Order Oxalidales
        
        Order Fabales
        
        Order Cucurbitales
        
        Order Fagales
        
        Order Rosales
      - Superorder Myrtanae
        
        Order Geraniales
        
        Order Myrtales
        
        Order Crossosomatales
        
        Order Picramniales
        
        Order Sapindales
        
        Order Huerteales
        
        Order Malvales
        
        Order Brassicales

Classification of Archaeplastida or Plantae

(Major groups

Fungi)

Rhodelphidia	Rhodelphidea
Rhodophyta (red algae)	Cyanidiophyceae Porphyridiophyceae Stylonematophyceae Compsopogonophyceae Rhodellophyceae Bangiophyceae Florideophyceae
Glaucophyta	Glaucocystophyceae
incertae sedis	Algospongia

Viridiplantae
or Plantae
(green algae &
land plants)

Prasinodermophyta	Prasinodermophyceae Palmophyllophyceae

Chlorophyta

Prasinophytina	Mamiellophyceae Pyramimonadophyceae
Chlorophytina	Nephroselmidophyceae Picocystophyceae Chloropicophyceae Pedinophyceae Chlorodendrophyceae UTC clade Ulvophyceae Trebouxiophyceae Chlorophyceae

Streptophyta

Chlorokybophytina

Mesostigmatophyceae
Chlorokybophyceae
Spirotaeniaceae

Klebsormidiophytina

Klebsormidiophyceae

Streptofilophyceae

Streptofilum

Phragmoplastophytes

Charophyceae Coleochaetophyceae Zygnematophyceae
Embryophytes (land plants)	(see below↓)

Embryophytes or Plantae

Marchantiophyta (liverworts)	Haplomitriopsida Marchantiopsida Jungermanniopsida
Anthocerotophyta (hornworts)	Leiosporocerotopsida Anthocerotopsida
Bryophyta (mosses)	Takakiopsida Sphagnopsida Andreaeobryopsida Andreaeopsida Oedipodiopsida Tetraphidopsida Polytrichopsida Bryopsida

Protracheophytes

†Horneophytopsida
†Aglaophyton

Tracheophytes
(vascular plants)

Paratracheophytes	†Cooksoniopsida †Rhyniopsida †Renaliales

Lycophytes	†Barinophytopsida †Zosterophyllopsida Lycopodiopsida (clubmosses, spikemosses & quillworts)

†Eophyllophytopsida
†Trimerophytopsida

Moniliformopses	†Ibykales †Cladoxylopsida Polypodiopsida (ferns and horsetails)

†Progymnosperms	†Noeggerathiopsida †Aneurophytopsida †Archaeopteridopsida †Protopityales

†Pteridosperms (seed ferns)	†Arberiopsida †Moresnetiopsida †Lyginopteridopsida †Pachytestopsida †Callistophytales †Calamopityales †Peltaspermopsida †Umkomasiales †Phasmatocycadopsida †Pentoxylopsida †Dictyopteridiopsida †Cycadeoideopsida †Caytoniopsida †Axelrodiopsida
Acrogymnospermae (living gymnosperms)	†Pityopsida Cycadopsida (cycads) Ginkgoopsida (Ginkgo) Pinopsida (conifers) Gnetopsida
Magnoliopsida (flowering plants)	Basal angiosperms Core angiosperms Magnoliids Monocots Eudicots

† = extinct • Plants portal •

List of plant orders • Current definitions of Plantae

List of plant orders

Division Prasinodermophyta

Class Prasinodermophyceae

Class Palmophyllophyceae

Division Chlorophyta

Subdivision Prasinophytina

Class Mamiellophyceae

Class Pyramimonadophyceae

Subdivision Chlorophytina

Class Nephroselmidophyceae

Class Picocystophyceae

Class Chloropicophyceae

Class Pedinophyceae

Class Chlorodendrophyceae

Class Trebouxiophyceae

Class Ulvophyceae

Class Chlorophyceae

Division Streptophyta

Subdivision Chlorokybophytina

Class Mesostigmatophyceae

Class Chlorokybophyceae

Subdivision Klebsormidiophyinta

Class Klebsormidiophyceae

Subdivision Charophytina

Class Charophyceae

Subdivision Coleochaetophytina

Class Coleochaetophyceae

Subdivision Zygnematophytina

Class Zygnematophyceae

Subdivision Anthocerotophytina

Class Leiosporocerotopsida

Class Anthocerotopsida

Subdivision Marchantiophytina

Class Haplomitriopsida

Class Marchantiopsida

Class Jungermanniopsida

Subdivision Bryophytina

Class Takakiopsida

Class Sphagnopsida

Class Andreaeobryopsida

Class Andreaeopsida

Class Oedipodiopsida

Class Tetraphidopsida

Class Polytrichopsida

Class Bryopsida

Clade †Horneophytina

Class †Horneophytopsida

Subdivision Tracheophytina

Class †Cooksoniopsida

Class †Rhyniopsida

Clade †Zosterophyllophyta

Class Lycopodiopsida

Class †Eophyllophytopsida

Class †Trimerophytopsida

Clade Pteridophyta

Class †Noeggerathiopsida

Class †Aneurophytopsida

Class †Archaeopteridopsida

Incertae sedis

Clade Spermatophyta