Rizatriptan

Rizatriptan

Clinical data
Trade names	Maxalt, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a601109
License data	US DailyMed: Rizatriptan_benzoate
Pregnancy category	AU: B1
Routes of administration	By mouth
Drug class	Triptan
ATC code	N02CC04 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only) / S3 CA: ℞-only In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	45%
Protein binding	14%
Metabolism	By monoamine oxidase
Elimination half-life	2–3 hours
Excretion	82% urine; 12% faeces
Identifiers
IUPAC name N,N-dimethyl-2-[5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethanamine
CAS Number	145202-66-0 Y
PubChem CID	5078
IUPHAR/BPS	51
DrugBank	DB00953 Y
ChemSpider	4900 Y
UNII	WR978S7QHH
KEGG	D00675 N
ChEBI	CHEBI:48273 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL905 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID2023565
ECHA InfoCard	100.243.719
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C15H19N5
Molar mass	269.352 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES n1cncn1Cc2cc3c(cc2)[nH]cc3CCN(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C15H19N5/c1-19(2)6-5-13-8-17-15-4-3-12(7-14(13)15)9-20-11-16-10-18-20/h3-4,7-8,10-11,17H,5-6,9H2,1-2H3 Y Key:ULFRLSNUDGIQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Rizatriptan, sold under the brand name Maxalt among others, is a medication used for the treatment of migraine headaches. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include chest pain, dizziness, dry mouth, and tingling. Other side effects may include myocardial infarction, stroke, high blood pressure, serotonin syndrome, and anaphylaxis. Excessive use may result in medication overuse headaches. Use is not recommended during pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended within 24 hours after taking a dose. Rizatriptan is in the triptan class and is believed to work by activating the 5-HT₁ receptor.

Rizatriptan was patented in 1991 and came into medical use in 1998. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 134th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 4 million prescriptions.

Medical uses

Rizatriptan is used to treat acute migraine attacks with or without aura. It does not prevent future migraine attacks. A 2010 review found rizatriptan to be more efficacious and tolerable than sumatriptan.

Contraindications

Rizatriptan and other triptans can cause vasoconstriction, they are contraindicated in people with cardiovascular conditions.

Adverse effects

Frequent adverse effects (incidence less than 10%) are dizziness, drowsiness, asthenia/fatigue, and nausea. Clinical adverse experiences were typically mild and short-lasting (2–3 hours).

Interactions

• Propranolol

Mechanism of action

Rizatriptan acts as an agonist at serotonin 5-HT_1B and 5-HT_1D receptors. Like the other triptans sumatriptan and zolmitriptan, rizatriptan induces vasoconstriction—possibly by inhibiting the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory neurons in the trigeminal nerve.

Names

Brand names include Bizaliv, Rizalt, Rizact (India) and Maxalt.

External links

• "Rizatriptan benzoate". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine.