Selected phylogeny
This is a list of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals.
Plants
Psychoactive plants include, but are not limited to, the following examples:
- Cannabis: cannabinoids
- Tobacco: nicotine and beta-carboline alkaloids
- Coca: cocaine
- Opium Poppy: morphine, codeine, thebaine, papaverine, noscapine, and narceine
- Salvia divinorum: salvinorin A
- Khat: cathine and cathinone
- Kava: kavalactones
- Nutmeg: myristicin
- Nightshade (Solanaceae) plants containing hyoscyamine, atropine, and scopolamine:
- Datura
- Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)
- Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)
- Mandrake (Mandragora officinarum)
- Other Solanaceae
-
Psychoactive cacti, which contain mainly mescaline:
- Peyote
- Other Lophophora
- Peruvian Torch cactus
- San Pedro cactus
- Other Echinopsis
- Minimally psychoactive plants that contain mainly caffeine and theobromine:
Anadenanthera colubrina produces beans used for cebil
Areca palms in Ponda, India
- Other plants:
- Mimosa hostilis: DMT
- Chacruna: DMT, NMT
- Cebil and Yopo: DMT, 5-MeO-DMT, bufotenin
- Mucuna pruriens: nicotine, serotonin, and bufotenin
- Morning glory species, notably Hawaiian Baby Woodrose: lysergic acid amide (LSA or ergine)
- Iboga: ibogaine, noribogaine, ibogamine, voacangine, 18-methoxycoronaridine
- Ephedra: ephedrine
- Acacia species
- Damiana
- Calea zacatechichi
- Silene capensis
- Valerian: valerian
- Areca nut: arecaidine and arecoline
- Kratom: mitragynine, mitraphylline, 7-hydroxymitragynine, raubasine, and corynantheidine
- Rauvolfia serpentina: rauwolscine
- Nymphaea caerulea (Egyptian lotus or blue lotus): apomorphine, nuciferine
- Yohimbe: yohimbine, corynantheidine
- Kanna: mesembrine and mesembrenone
- Glaucium flavum (yellow horned poppy, yellow hornpoppy or sea poppy): glaucine
- California poppies: protopine
Fungi
- Psilocybin mushrooms: psilocybin, psilocin, aeruginascin, baeocystin, and norbaeocystin
- Amanita muscaria: ibotenic acid, muscimol, and muscarine
- Dictyonema huaorani: psilocybin, DMT, and 5-MeO-DMT
- Collybia maculata: collybolide
Animals
- Colorado River toad (Sonoran Desert toad or Bufo alvarius): 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin
- Asiatic toad and certain tree frogs (Osteocephalus taurinus, Osteocephalus oophagus, and Osteocephalus langsdorfii): bufotenin
- Tree frogs belonging to the genus Phyllomedusa, notably P. bicolor: opioid peptides, including deltorphin, deltorphin I, deltorphin II, and dermorphin
- Hallucinogenic fish
- Ocean life containing DMT analogs:
- Smenospongia aurea: 5-Bromo-DMT
- Smenospongia echina: 5,6-Dibromo-DMT
- Verongula rigida: 5-Bromo-DMT, 5,6-Dibromo-DMT, et al.
- Eudistoma fragum: 5-Bromo-DMT
- Paramuricea clavata: DMT, NMT
- Villogorgia rubra: NMT
See also
- List of psychoactive substances and precursor chemicals derived from genetically modified organisms
- List of psychoactive substances derived from artificial fungi biotransformation
- List of substances used in rituals
- Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record
- List of plants used for smoking
- Medicinal fungi